The purpose of this study was to illustrate how the Swedish tabloid press construct their sports sections front pages and what they present on these pages. A second purpose, and by the first following, was to investigate the items these newspapers offer the audience to add to their daily agendas. The aim to show a bigger picture of the front pages content was reached by implementing a content analysis of 196 front pages from the two largest tabloid newspapers in Sweden, Aftonbladet and Expressen, during a period of four years. The study examined 98 items per newspaper and since the aim was to examine sports journalism the units were chosen from the two newspapers sports sections, Sportbladet and SportExpressen. The great conclusions that were made during this process were the differences in between genders, the dominating sports and what big part sponsors have in sports. The most common front page shows a Swedish man playing football in the age between 20-35. A less common page is woman, playing any sport. She is only found on nine of a hundred front pages. As in the case of men, football is the dominating sport in Swedish tabloid press. On second place we found ice hockey. What we also could find was the big part sponsors have in sports. We saw the logos of sponsors on every second front page.

The bachelor dissertation Thin at every cost? is a discourse analysis of how the human body is portrayed in the two Swedish evening tabloid newspapers Aftonbladet and Expressen. The study aims to investigate how the ideal body is portrayed, which qualities that we associate with the ideal body and also where the focal point is.   The investigation has been conducted by the implementation of Ernesto Laclau’s and Chantal Mouffe’s discourse analysis as both a theoretical framework and analysis tool, and uses agenda-setting theory, consumerist culture and weight, health and body ideal research to form a scientific base for the analysis.   The result of the study shows that the ideal body is thin. To achieve a thin body you must exercise and diet, because being in possession of an overweight body suggests that you are lazy and lack self-control. To promote a thin body most of the researched articles uses health as a concept. To achieve a thin body you must therefore “consume” health. Body image has become a marketing tool and something to buy and sell. If you consume body image and/or health, you will often find yourself being drawn back into the “void”, because the diets and exercises that the articles use to promote weight-loss are often short-term and therefore make you as a reader have to return for another diet, i.e. you have to consume more. The articles often use a big element of control to promote the thin body, but at the same time try to use a positive language to set the tone of the article. Body shaming also occurred, and articles that dealt with the negative aspects of weight loss were also researched and reinforced that the overweight body is often a subject of course language and judgement.

Denna studie analyserar i vilken utsträckning Twitter använts som nyhetskälla under 2016 och vad som är utmärkande för nyhetsartiklar där tweets citerats. Relationen mellan journalister och deras källor, Hermidas approach kring “Ambient Journalism” samt teorin om Gatekeeping utgör det teoretiska underlaget. Tidningar som ingår i analysen är dagstidningen Dagens Nyheter och kvällstidningen Aftonbladet. Arbetet baseras på en kvalitativ innehållsanalys av 450 artiklar från ovannämnda tidningar. Dessa artiklar har kodats med hjälp av ett kodschema med tillhörande tolkningsregler som utformats i enighet med studiens frågeställningar. Undersökningen visar att journalister använder sig av Twitter främst för att krydda artikeln och för att illustrera ett exempel. Den utmärkande tonen i de analyserade artiklarna är oftast neutral. Flest referenser från Twitter hittades i Aftonbladet och då var det oftast idrottare eller politiker som citerades. Utifrån studiens resultat kan slutsatserna dras att relationen mellan journalisten och källan fortfarande präglas av att elitkällor får störst utrymme i nyhetsrapporteringen. Även det faktum att journalisternas roll som gatekeepers förminskas i takt med en ökad närvaro av Twitterkällor, vars tweets oftast kopieras och klistras in ordagrant i en artikel. Med utgångspunkt i resultatet diskuterar vi huruvida den journalistiska professionaliteten kan påverkas negativt av en för frekvent användning av Twitter i nyhetsrapporteringen. Vidare kan siffrorna vi presenterar utgöra underlag för vidare forskning kring förhållandet mellan Twitter, journalistik och objektivitet.

This study aims to analyse how the stateless Muslim minority Rohingya from Myanmar are represented in Burmese media. Progress towards democracy has been made in Myanmar since the end of the dictatorship, making it possible for private newspapers to publish in Myanmar and increased the access to rights. However, this positive development has not affected all habitants in Myanmar. The UN still considers Rohingya to be one of the most persecuted people in the world. In this study, the material consists of articles from The Myanmar Times, Mizzima Business Weekly and The New Light of Myanmar. After assessing Hannah Arendt’s theory about the dependency on citizenship for human rights, and Steve Luke’s theory of power, this study uses the method systematic qualitative text analysis to sort the material. In addition, a critical text analysis inspired by critical discourse analysis is carried out. As a complement, photos are studied using visual text analysis. The main focus is on how Rohingya are represented in the material, and what can be said about Rohingya’s exclusion based on the findings in the material. The study shows that the name Rohingya is avoided in The Global New Light of Myanmar, who uses “Muslim Minority” as well as in The Myanmar Times, where group is often called “Bengali”. However, in Mizzima Business Weekly “Rohingya” is the most common name when describing the group. A key finding is that suppression, i.e. to silence issues concerning Rohingya, to deny their identity and ties to Myanmar, and to not acknowledge that Rohingya are affected by an event in the news, appears to various extents in all three newspapers, which shows how Rohingya are excluded and are often portrayed as “the others”. The study shows that the media is affected by “the power of the thought” and that the inherent paradox of the human rights can be applied in this case, and that in a society a stateless person is rightless and becomes completely excluded from the society. This is manifested to some extent in Mizzima Business Weekly and consistently in The Myanmar Times and The Global New Light of Myanmar.

The state of cultural journalism has been a subject of discussion within journalism research for a long period of time. The core of the discussion is that cultural journalism differs from journalism in many ways, which creates friction. Some researchers illustrate this friction as a battle between two separate paradigms – the journalistic paradigm and the aestethic paradigm – and their values. The aesthetic paradigm strives for values such as subjectivity, pedagogicality and expertise, while the journalistic paradigm focuses on effectivity, objectivity and ethics. The research concerning this has mostly been aimed at literature and music, but not film to the same extent. This study aimed to fill that gap by investigating the changes within swedish film criticism during the time between the late ‘90s and today. The platforms that we analysed are Moviezine, Barometern and Aftonbladet and the film reviews from them were analysed from the perspective of language, method of production and the values of the two paradigms. The study showed that these three platforms took their own paths; some of them have moved towards the aesthetic paradigm, while others have gone in the opposite direction. 2016 is the most divisive year of the analysed years.

The aim of the study was to examine the ways in which the presidential candidates Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump were portrayed in articles regarding the first presidential debate of 2016. We also wanted to examine the differences and similarities between the framing of the two candidates as well as which frames varied between the newspapers from Sweden and the USA and which they had in common. We made a qualitative framing analysis of 14 articles from 14 different newspapers half of which were from Sweden and half from the USA. The result shows that Hillary Clinton is most often portrayed as an experienced and professional politician whereas Donald Trump is portrayed as her opposite in both regards. The framing of Trump shows him as an outsider from the business world, who has a history of controversial behavior in which he is accused of both racism and sexism. Both candidates are portrayed as highly disliked by the American people. They are also portrayed as dishonest as a consequence of their respective scandals where they are being accused of having hidden something from the public – Clinton in her use of a private e-mail server during her time as secretary of state – Trump due to his unreleased tax returns. The American and the Swedish articles frame the candidates similarly, although the American newspapers are more prone to the usage of harsh language in describing the candidates and their actions in the debate. The Swedish newspapers tend to use less emotive words in re-telling the debate.

The four largest newspapers in Sweden, Aftonbladet, Expressen, Dagens Nyheter and Svenska Dagbladet, all have different political stands, but does it affect their reporting on different parties and their leaders? In 2013 and 2014 two of the nine party leaders in the Swedish parliament, Riksdag, were female, Annie Lööf (Centre Party) and Åsa Romson (the Green Party). This study examines the differences between the reporting on these two politicians in four newspapers and how they are portrayed using quantitative content analysis and framing analysis. Earlier studies by Kent Asp have shown that the Green Party (Miljöpartiet) is the most popular party among Swedish journalists, which could mean that the party is overrepresented and gets a special treatment in the media. In contrast, the Centre Party (Centerpartiet) is among the least popular among Swedish journalists and could therefore risk to be underrepresented. This study also researches if the portrayal of these two party leaders is in any way connected to their gender, as previous research shows that women politicians are treated differently to their male colleagues. Topics like family, private life and their appearance are often discussed instead of their work. Lastly this study investigates if there are differences in reporting between an election year, 2014, and a regular year, 2013. Our study shows that the political stands of the newspapers have an effect, even if only slight, on the reporting. Furthermore, Miljöpartiet does not get a special treatment as one might think, it’s rather the other way round. We found that the reporting on Annie Lööf and Centerpartiet was far more positive than the reporting on Åsa Romson and Miljöpartiet. We could not see that the reporters treated these politicians specially based on their gender, contrary to earlier studies. Finally, we found out that the newspapers focus on the party leaders rather than the parties themselves, which corresponds to the tendency of personification discussed in previous research. / De fyra största nyhetstidningarna i Sverige, Aftonbladet, Expressen, Dagens Nyheter och Svenska Dagbladet, har olika politiska ståndpunkter, men påverkar det deras rapportering av olika partier och deras partiledare? 2013 och 2014 var två av de nio partiledarna i Sveriges riksdag kvinnor, Annie Lööf (Centerpartiet) och Åsa Romson (Miljöpartiet). Den här uppsatsen undersöker skillnaderna mellan rapporteringen av dessa två politiker i fyra nyhetstidningar och hur de porträtteras, genom kvantitativ innehållsanalys och framing analysis. Tidigare studier av Kent Asp har visat att Miljöpartiet är det mest populära partiet bland svenska journalister, vilket kan betyda att partiet är överrepresenterat och får specialbehandling av medier. Tvärtemot är Centerpartiet bland de minst populära partierna bland svenska journalister och har därför en risk att bli underrepresenterade. Den här studien undersöker också om porträtteringen av dessa två partiledare på något sätt är kopplad till deras kön, då tidigare forskning visat att kvinnliga politiker behandlas annorlunda än deras manliga kollegor. Ämnen som familj, privatliv och deras utseende diskuteras ofta istället för deras jobb. Slutligen så undersöker denna studie om det finns några skillnader i rapporteringen mellan ett valår, 2014, och ett vanligt år, 2013. Vår studie visar att den politiska ståndpunkten hos tidningarna har en effekt, om än bara liten, på rapporteringen. Dessutom får Miljöpartiet ingen specialbehandling som man kunnat förvänta sig, utan det är snarare tvärt om. Vi såg att rapporteringen om Annie Lööf och Centerpartiet var långt mer positiv än rapporteringen om Åsa Romson och Miljöpartiet. Vi kunde inte se att reportrarna behandlade dessa politiker annorlunda baserat på deras kön, till skillnad mot tidigare studier. Slutligen såg vi att nyhetstidningarna fokuserar på partiledarna istället för själva partierna, vilken stämmer överens med tendenserna för personifiering som diskuterats i tidigare forskning.

Abstract Title: “Journalists who loves the flexible life” - A case between journalists occupational perception and work-future who works at a newspaper compared to a radio station in northern Sweden. This study is a qualitative comparison between journalists without permanent employment on a commercial newspaper and a public service owned radio station in a medium sized town in northern Sweden. The main purpose was to analyse the occupational perception and work-future among young journalists without permanent employment in the public service and the commercial sector. Another intention was to figure out if there was any similarities or differences between working for a public service owned radio station compare to a commercial newspaper. We wanted to investigate how these journalists experience and manage their work and in which way they look at their own future and journalism in general. The research applies theories such as the precariat and studies about convergence. The chosen method for the study were qualitative semi-structured interviews based on the answers from six journalists and was processed through a thematic analysis. The main conclusion of this study was that multi journalism has become a part of the journalistic agenda, both on the radio station and the newspaper. It showed that journalists has to be flexible when it comes to working schedules. Even though they had to adapt to a lot of the journalistic requirement they still accepted the funny, but yet stressful life as a journalist. One conclusion that can be drawn is that todays journalism can demand almost anything, and job seeking journalists will adapt quite well regardless of change. A final conclusion was that it's difficult to predict the future of these journalists. But a common stand point for the journalists was that almost everyone could imagine a future in another profession.

Studien handlar om hur tittare och producenter upplever intervjusekvenser i 360°-video i en VR-miljö och syftet är att synliggöra tittares upplevelser av produktion för att skapa bättre förutsättningar för journalistiska 360°- produktioner. Studien fokuserar på tittarens upplevelser av 360°-video i olikheter i gestaltningsval, utifrån gestaltningskomponenterna: point-of-view, distans till intervjupersonen, intervjupersonens blickriktning och hur reporter används i 360°-video, samt på vilka olika sätt man som producent kan gestalta intervjusekvenser i journalistisk 360°-video och hur det skiljer sig cinematografiskt och berättartekniskt från traditionell videoproduktion. Studien har utgått från ett egenproducerat testmaterial bestående av sex olika 360°-videor. Detta material har använts i en tittarstudie där testpersonerna har tittat på materialet i VR-headset, tänkt högt enligt thinking aloud-metoden och medverkat i en simulated recall-intervju med kortsortering. För att få ett producentperspektiv har även yrkesverksamma 360°-producenter intervjuats. Testpersonernas upplevelser har analyserats utifrån hur vi traditionellt gestaltar intervjuer i rörliga medier. Studien visar hur individuellt tittare upplever grundläggande parametrar i gestaltningsval i intervjusekvenserna, att tittarna vill känna sig delaktiga och uppleva ett förstahandsperspektiv med stabilitet och kameran placerad i ett för dem normalt perspektiv i höjdled, vara nära intervjusituationen men inte för nära och känna sig bekräftade av blickar från samtliga medverkande. Samtidigt påverkar närhet till intervjuperson och dennes blickriktning hur villig tittaren är att utforska miljön. En synlig reporter kan upplevas som en konkurrent om uppmärksamheten eller fungera som en bra guide. Studien visar också hur all 360°-produktion i möjligaste mån bör efterlikna verkligheten och hur en intervjusituation också bör efterlikna en verklig situation där tittaren upplever illusionen av att vara delaktig. Intervjusituationen i 360°- video konkurrerar många gånger om tittarens uppmärksamhet med den rena miljöupplevelsen och intervjupersoner blir väldigt utlämnade i 360°-formatet. Det är därför av stor vikt att man har en överenskommelse om produktionens stil innan inspelningen.

The aim of the study was to examine how two young female victims was represented in Swedish commercial news press, if and how their relations to the perpetrator would affect their representation and what similarities and differences there were in the representation between the two. We examined the coverage of Lisa Holm, who was murdered by a stranger, and Tova Moberg, who was murdered by her abusing ex- boyfriend. The method used was a critical discourse analysis. We searched for different discourse themes in a total of twelve news articles from Aftonbladet and Expressen. We analyzed the themes and came to the conclusion that the murder victims were represented very much alike, well-liked, ambitious and good-hearted. The main difference is that Tova Moberg was not represented as innocent as Lisa Holm by the journalism because of her relationship with her ex-boyfriend. The journalism partly blamed Tova Moberg for not preventing her own death since she was aware of the danger. We found that as soon as any kind of relations between the victim and perpetrator was mentioned the victim’s status as an ideal victim decreased.