Bakgrund: Relativ energibrist, att gå med energiunderskott över tid, är en realitet inom idrotten och det är också starkt kopplat till ätstörningar och stört ätbeteende. Forskningen pekar på att coacherna, på grund av sin närhet till de aktiva, är i en bra position för att upptäcka och agera på symptom på relativ energibrist, ätstörningar och stört ätbeteende. Man menar vidare att coacherna har för dålig kunskap på området. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att identifiera hur elitcoacher ser på sin kunskap, sin roll och sitt ansvar i den elitidrottskontext de tillhör när det gäller relativ energibrist, ätstörningar och stört ätbeteende inom idrotten och vad detta får för konsekvenser.Metod: Studien är genomförd med kvalitativ metod genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med 12 elitcoacher. Urvalet gav en bred representation vad gäller idrotters viktkänslighet. Intervjuerna analyserades med hjälp av Côte och Gilberts kunskapsformer och en modifierad modell av Henriksens ATDE – modell. Resultat: Resultatet visar att coachernas roller ser mycket olika ut i fråga om närheten till de aktiva. Detta påverkar i sin tur coachernas upplevelse av ansvar när det gäller upptäckt och agerande vad gäller relativ energibrist, ätstörningar och stört ätbeteende. Coacherna upplever ämnet relativ energibrist, ätstörningar och stört ätbeteende som laddat och känner sig inte bekväma att ta upp det med de aktiva. Man är rädd att trigga någon till ett stört ätbeteende eller en ätstörning och man menar att det finns ett tabu runt ämnet hos kollegor och specialidrottsförbund. Kunskapsluckor visar sig när det kommer till pedagogiska verktyg och interpersonell kunskap för att applicera sin kunskap i kost och nutrition när det gäller relativ energibrist, ätstörningar och stört ätbeteende. Slutsatser: En bredare kunskapssyn, utanför den teoretiska professionella kunskapen rekommenderas. Förslag på att vända på synen på coachernas kunskap, roll och ansvar föreslås: Börja med att titta på vilket ansvar man vill att coacherna ska ta, vilken roll kräver detta ansvar att coacherna har och till sist vilken kunskap saknas för att i rollen kunna ta det ansvar man önskar att coacherna skall ta. / Background: Relative energy deficiency, to be in an energy defiency over time, is a reality in sport and is conected to eating disorders and disorded eating. According to research, coaches are in a position that could facilitate identification and early interventions on symptoms of relative energy deficiency, eating disorder and disorded eating. Research also notes that the coaches lack in knowledge on the subject. Purpose: The aim of this thesis was to identify how elite coaches perceive their knowledge, role and responsibility when it comes to relative energy deficinecy, eating disorder and disorded eating and the consecvenses that may follow.Method: The research is done with a qualitative approach through 12 semi-structured interviews with swedish elite coaches from a wide range of sports when it comes to weight- sensitivity. The interviews were alanlysed with help of Côte ang Gilberts model of knowledge and a modified version of Henriksens ATDE- model. Result: The result reveals that the role of the coaches differs a lot when it comes to the closeness to the athlete. This affects how the coaches perceive their responsibility when it comes to identification and early intervention in case of relative energy deficiency, eating disorder and disordered eating. The Coaches perceive relative energy deficiency, eating disoder and disordered eating as a loaded subject and they feel uncomfortable to talk about it with the athletes. They are afraid to trigger someone to disorded eating or an eating disorder and they sense a tabu with their colleagues and in the sports federation. There are gaps in coaches knowledge in pedagogy and interpersonal knowledge when it come to the application of knowledge about nutrition linked to relative energy deficiency, eating disorders and disorded eating. Conclusions: A broader view on knowledge, outside the theoretical professional knowledge is recommended. A proposal to change the order in which we think of the problem is formed. Start with figuring out what responsibility you want the coaches to have, then what role they need to have with that responsibility and last, what knowledge do the coaches need for theire role and what responibility you wish they should take.

The purpose of this study was to determine if there was any significant increase in the reading achievement of Reading First third grade students compared to the reading achievement of the third grade reading students in Non-Reading First schools located in southwest Virginia for 2004-2009. The Standards of Learning (SOLs) reading test scores were compiled from the Virginia Standards of Learning test scores that are available to the public from the Virginia Department of Education website. The elementary schools chosen for this study have a similar number of disadvantaged students and similar demographics. The reading achievement was being examined after 6 years of implementation of teaching strategies using Reading First in 3 of the elementary schools and compared to Non-Reading First schools. Using a quantitative design, the comparative study included data obtained from the 2004-2009 Virginia Standards of Learning standardized assessment test scores for third grade students in 6 elementary schools. The data comparison examined the reading achievement relationship between the Reading First schools (experimental) and the Non-Reading First schools (control group). The analysis was based on 2 research questions and 12 hypotheses; 6 hypotheses for each question. A t-test for independent samples was used to identify the differences between the means of Reading First schools and the Non-Reading First schools. A chi square analysis was used to identify the differences between the means of Reading First schools compared to the means of Non-Reading First schools in the areas of not proficient, proficient, and advanced proficient. The results of the study indicated that there were significant increases for reading achievement for the Reading First schools in the experimental group compared to the Non-Reading First in the control group. The Reading First schools performed better or as well as their peers in Non-Reading First schools at the advanced reading proficiency level.

Most of the research in this field that has been done is on healthy young men, this means that the results from the majority of the studies cannot be applied to women and their bodies, especially in sport, health and exercise. In this study we are investigating the phenome of a woman's menstrual cycle relative to the male coaches knowledge. This study aims to examine male soccer coaches and their knowledge about the menstrual cycle, their relationship with the players and how it affects the conversation climate. To investigate this, semi-structured interviews were conducted with six male soccer coaches who coaches girls in the ages of 11-15. The collected data were analyzed with phenomenology analysis. The result: Male soccer coaches' knowledge about women's menstrual cycle is low and needs to be improved. The results also showed that a relaxed relationship with an open communication enables coaches and players to feel comfortable to talk about external and personal topics. Conclusion: The knowledge of the menstrual cycle needs to improve. Satisfaction of the concept, safety, knowledge, awareness and openness seems to be important to coaches and makes it easier for them to talk about more personal and private topics with the players.

As digitalization becomes more pervasive in our society, healthcare is no exception. That new technology promises life-transforming innovations is perhaps of little doubt, but many of these innovations might never reach the market, for a plethora of reasons – many of which are investigated within this thesis. This thesis seeks to codify both industry best practices and extant literature to create a generic roadmap in the form of a framework usable by entrants to facilitate their entry into the Swedish healthcare market. The paper builds on an interpretivist approach and utilizes interviews with experts from the sector, representing companies in all stages of maturity - in addition to providing a micro-level view via survey responses for a specific audience and company in the form of headache sufferers. The paper finds several key obstacles to tackle for a potential entrant, with the primary ones being understanding the reimbursement system, the role and importance of partnerships and the challenge in finding the right talent. Finally, the paper presents a model to navigate the market entry - and codifies the concept of 'pilot death' - failing to scale to any significant degree after a pilot partnership. / Den ökade digitaliseringen har medfört nya möjligheter, inte minst inom sjukvård. Ny teknologi för med sig många av dessa möjligheter och bland dessa kan det ibland finnas de som medför omfattande ändringar till våra liv. Många av dessa innovationer når dock aldrig marknaden trots att grundidén har potential att förbättra vårdsystemet. En möjlig förklaring är de hinder som kan uppstå när en produkt eller tjänst lanseras. Denna rapport undersöker därför vad industrin anser vara de viktigaste momenten att tänka på under ett marknadsinträde. Rapporten bygger på intervjuer med experter från olika företag inom svensk sjukvård och ger en djupgående inblick, i form av en fallstudie, i ett företag aktivt inom behandling av kronisk huvudvärk. Rapporten identifierar ett antal utmaningar och hinder – där de mest framstående är vikten av att förstå det ersättningssystem som dominerar svensk sjukvård, utmaningen i att hitta rätt kompetens och rollen som samverkan med existerande bolag spelar. Slutligen presenteras en modell för marknadsinträde och konkretiserar konceptet ’pilotdöd’ – där ett bolags lösning inte lyckas nå någon större användning efter ett pilotsamarbete.

When using socially assistive robots (SAR), it is important that their personality is personalised so that it suits their user. This work investigated how the customisation of the personality of a SAR health coach is perceived when done by the users themselves or their friends via ChatGPT. Therefore, the research question in this study is: How is personalised dialogue for a social robot perceived when generated via ChatGPT, by users and their friends? This study uses a mixed method approach, where participants got to test their own and their friend’s personalised version. The qualitative data was analysed using a thematic analysis. Sixteen participants were recruited.The result from this study showed that it does not matter who is customising the SAR, nor does one make a more persuasive version than the other, and when customising the personality, participants explained what they or their friend preferred. However, it is important to remember that the individual’s preference matters.

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) assess cycling coaches' trauma-related competencies, as measured by trauma knowledge (i.e., trauma-specific education, familiarity with post-traumatic stress [PTS]), stigma of persons with PTS (i.e., fear/dangerousness, help/interact, forcing treatment, negative emotions), and interpersonal skills (i.e., self-reported emotional intelligence, perceived quality of coach-athlete relationships); and (b) examine the influence that trauma knowledge and stigma of persons with PTS has on coaching efficacy specific to coaching trauma-impacted athletes (i.e., trauma-informed coaching efficacy), after controlling for general coaching experience. Descriptive statistics indicated the majority of coaches had no trauma-specific education, a high degree of familiarity with PTS, and a low level of stigma via four attribution variables. Moreover, participants highly appraised their own emotional intelligence, the quality of their coach-athlete relationships, and their trauma-informed coaching efficacy. A hierarchical regression analyses indicated that familiarity with PTS helped to explain additional variance in trauma-informed coaching efficacy over and above demographic and general coach experience variables. The study establishes trauma-informed coaching as a distinct area of research and highlights the need for improved continuing education opportunities for coaches related to psychological trauma and PTS.

The university technology transfer coach has an important role in supporting the commercialization of research results. This thesis has studied the technology transfer coach and their needs in the coaching process. The goal has been to investigate information needs of the technology transfer coach as a preliminary for the design of computer aids.Using a grounded theory approach, we interviewed 17 coaches working in the Swedish technology transfer environment. Extracted quotes from interviews were openly coded and categorized. The analysis show three main problem areas related to the information needs of the technology transfer coach; awareness, communication, and resources. Moreover, 20 features for future computer aids were extracted from the interview data and scenarios and personas where developed to exemplify the future use of computer aids.We conclude that there is a need for computer support in the coaching process. Such systems should aid the coach in; awareness, aiding the coach to focus on meetings; communication, aid the coach to transfer commercialisation knowledge; and resources, aid the coach in accessing and delivering of resources to the coachee. However, it is imperative that the computer aids do not interfere with the coach current process; and that the computer aid is not seen as the sole solution.

Examensarbete, civilekonomprogrammet inriktning Controller, Ekonomihögskolan vid Linnéuniversitetet, Växjö.  Kurskod 4FE18E, 30hp, VT2019   Författare: Mikael Bergström och Louise Samuelsson Handledare: Elin Funck   Titel: Controllerns roll - från generalisering till nyansering   Bakgrund: I takt med att företagen och dess ekonomistyrning utvecklats sägs controllerrollen gått från att vara en beancounter till en affärsinriktad business partner. Det finns dock en oenighet i hur, och hur långt, utvecklingen skett och argument har förts fram att det fullständiga skiftet inte materialiserats utan att det istället är en hybridiserad roll som syns. Trots att det öppnats upp för att det är en heterogen roll har det linjära tänket kring rollens utveckling lett till generaliseringar och otydligheter i hur rollen beskrivs.   Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att identifiera olika faktorer som påverkar rollen för controllers samt förklara hur dessa faktorer påverkar controllers i olika riktningar och mot olika roller. Ambitionen och det övergripande syftet är därmed att generera en djupgående kunskap och förståelse samt att nyansera bilden av controllerrollen.   Metod: Studien centrerar kring en kvalitativ intervjustudie av studieobjektet controllers. Semistrukturerade intervjuer har genomförts med controllers på tre stora företag inom den tillverkande sektorn för att ge en relevant bredd till det empiriska materialet.   Slutsatser: Ett bidrag ges till teorin dels genom resultatet som visar att det är en hybridiserad roll som återfinns men också genom att olika faktorer som påverkar rollen har identifierats samt diskuterats och använts för att nyansera och urskilja olika inriktningar av rollen utifrån vilken nivå eller position controllern jobbar på. Förväntningar och uppfattningar ses påverka genom att möjliggöra och öppna upp för en bred och inkluderande roll och erfarenhet ses påverka arbets- och förhållningssättet till att bli mer aktivt och med ett förändrat analytiskt tillvägagångssätt. I och med att mönster har kunnat urskiljas vad gäller arbetsuppgifter och handlingar samt vad som är viktig kunskap, kompetens och egenskaper i förhållande till den organisatoriska positionen ses dessa i kombination påverka rollen i olika riktningar. Alla positioner och nivåer ses innehålla drag av rollbeskrivningen analytiker. Ledningsnivån samt positionen finance ses också påverkas åt coach, positionerna RnD, logistik och produktion påverkar åt pedagog och positionen redovisning åt kamrer. Sist ses arbete på den operativa nivån påverka rollen åt såväl pedagog som kamrer. / Degree Project in Controlling, The Business Administration and Economics Programme. School of Business and Economics at Linnaeus university, Växjö. Course code 4FE18E, 30 credits. Spring semester 2019   Authors: Mikael Bergström and Louise Samuelsson Supervisor: Elin Funck   Title: The controller role - from generalization to nuance   Background: As the companies and their management accounting has developed, the controller role is said to have gone from that of a beancounter towards a business oriented business partner. However, there is a disagreement in how, and how far, the development has gone and arguments has been made that the complete transition has not materialized, and that the role can rather be seen as a hybrid. Despite the fact that the theoretical framework has opened up for a heterogenous role, the linear thinking in regards to the development of the role has led to generalisations and ambiguity in how the role is described.   Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify different factors that affect the roles for controllers, as well as explaining how these factors affect controllers in various directions and towards various roles. The ambition along with the general purpose is therefore to generate a deeper knowledge and understanding as well as painting a more nuanced picture of controllers and their different roles in a company.   Method: The thesis is centered around a qualitative interview study of controllers as a professional group. Semi-structured interviews have been performed with controllers from three large manufacturing companies in order to provide a relevant depth and width for the empirical material.      Conclusions: A contribution is made to the theoretical framework, in part through the result of the thesis that conclude a hybridization of the role. The second contribution is that various factors that affect the role have been identified as well as discussed and utilized in order to distinguish different directions of the role pending on what level or in which position the controller is active. Expectations and opinions are seen to affect and open up for a broad and including role, while experience affect how controllers work as well as their analytical approach in different assignments. Patterns have emerged in regard to assignments, actions, important attributes and competencies that, combined with the organizational aspect, is seen to push the role in different directions. In accordance with this, all positions and levels include the role of analyst to some degree. Additionally, the managerial level as well as the position of finance show signs that point to a coach-role, the positions of RnD, logistics and production include an educator-perspective, and the position of accounting connect to the role of a chamberlain. Lastly, the operational level show signs of pushing the role towards that of both an educator and a chamberlain.

Summaries in Afrikaans and English / Die doel van hierdie ondersoek was om te bepaal watler faktore die grootste bydrae tot sportprestasie lewer. Met die literatuurstudie is die verskillende faktore wat sportprestasie beinvloed, geidentifiseer en verder ondersoek en beskryf. Daar is gevind dat 'n wye verskeidenheid faktore bestaan wat atletelsportdeelnemers se prestasie positief of negatief kan beinvloed. 'n Empiriese ondersoek is uitgevoer waarby 'n aantal atlete/sportdeelnemers, wat aan verskeie sportsoorte deelneem, betrek is. Die afrigters van hierdie atlete/sportdeelnemers is oak by die ondersoek betrek. Eerstens is bepaal watter faktore, volgens die atlete/sportdeelnemers, die grootste bydrae tot hul sportprestasie lewer. Daama is hierdie geidenlifiseerde faktore aan 'n regressieanalise onderwerp om te bepaal walter faktor/e die grootste en belangrikste bydrae tot sportprestasie lewer. Die resultate het getoon dat hierdie faktore soos volg is: motivering, afrigter, kommunikasie, selfvertroue, aanleg en dieet / The purpose of this study was to determine which factors contribute significantly to sports achievement. In the literature study, different factors with an underlying effect on sports achievement were identified, explained and further investigated. A wide variety of factors bearing positive as well as negative effect on athletes'/sport participants' achievement were found. An empirical study was carried out in which a number of athletes/sport participators were involved. The coaches of these athletes/sport participants were also included. The factors that play a major contributing role in these athletes/sport participants' sports achievement were primarily determined. Thereafter the identified factors were further investigated through the use of a regression analysis to ascertain which ones contribute the most to sports achievement. The results indicated that these factors are as follows: motivation, coach, communication, self-confidence, talent and diet. / Educational Studies / M.Ed. (met spesialisering in Voorligting)

Noger (2009) suppose qu’au-delà d’un certain seuil, la pratique peut conduire à des risques psychologiques. De plus en plus d’études se sont intéressées au burnout sportif (i.e. syndrome d’accomplissement réduit, d’épuisement physique et mental, et de dévalorisation du sport ; Raedeke, 1997). L’objectif de cette thèse est d’examiner le processus du burnout chez des adolescents engagés dans des filières d’accès au haut niveau à travers trois axes. Le premier a porté sur la validation et la révision du questionnaire du burnout sportif. Le second, a porté sur l’évolution du burnout. Les résultats de l’étude 2 ont montré que l’accomplissement réduit diminue, l’épuisement augmente puis diminue, et enfin, la dévalorisation du sport augmente entre 13 et 19 ans ; et que les filles ont des scores supérieurs aux garçons sur deux dimensions. De plus, plus un athlète a un sentiment d’accomplissement réduit et d’épuisement, plus il dévalorise son sport. Réciproquement, il pourra se sentir plus épuisé dans un premier temps puis son sentiment d’épuisement diminuerait. Dans le troisième axe, les études 3 et 4 ont examiné l’influence de l’entraîneur sur le burnout – à partir de la théorie de l’autodétermination et des buts d’accomplissement – et montre que plus un athlète perçoit que son entraîneur est contrôlant, moins il se sent autonome et autodéterminé et plus il aura de risques de burnout. De plus, plus un athlète perçoit que son entraîneur instaure un climat impliquant l’ego, plus il poursuit des buts maîtrise-évitement et plus il y aura de risques de burnout. Une dernière étude a confirmé que le burnout est multidimensionnel et comporte des différences interindividuelles / Noger (2009) evokes that beyond a certain threshold, the sport can lead to psychological risks for health. In this perspective, studies have focused on the athlete burnout (i.e. syndrome of reduced accomplishment, physical and mental exhaustion and sport devaluation ; Raedeke, 1997).The objective of this thesis is to examine the process of burnout in adolescent athlete enrolled in elite training structures through three lines of research. The first line has focused on conceptual breakthrough in athlete burnout. The second line has focused on the development of burnout in sports, taking into account the effects of gender and the causal influences between the dimensions. The results of study 2 showed that reduced accomplishment diminish, exhaustion raise then diminish, and sport devaluation raise from 13 to 19 years old; and also that girls have higher scores than boys on two dimensions. The results also highlighted that the more an athlete has a sense of reduced accomplishment and exhaustion, the more he devalues his sport. Reciprocally, he could feel more exhausted initially and then to feel less and less exhausted. The third line of research studies 3 and 4 examined the influence of the coach on burnout – from the self-determination theory and the achievement goal theories – and showed that an athlete perceiving a controlling coach, feels less autonomous and self-determined and he will be prone to have higher burnout. Meanwhile, an athlete perceiving that his coach creates an ego-involving climate, pursues mastery avoidance goals and be likely to develop higher burnout. A final study confirmed that athlete burnout is multidimensional and includes inter-individual differences