Étude I Le fonctionnement psychique chez les femmes atteintes d’endométrioseObjectif. Approfondir les articulations du rapport psyché-corps en référant au fonctionnement mental et au vécu psychologique des femmes atteintes d'endométriose.Hypothèse de travail. Chez les femmes atteintes d’endométriose, se déterminerait un déséquilibre du fonctionnement psychique dans lequel ils y ont des difficultés dans la gestion des émotions concertantes la propre représentation corporelle. La dimension somatique du féminin est négative et mortifère et menaçant.Présentation de la population. L’échantillon est constitué de vingt femmes rencontrées dans le période d’ avril-octobre 2010 chez le service de gynécologie de l’Hôpital ARNAS Civico de Palerme. Outils. Entretiens et Test du Rorschach. Conclusions. A partir de l'analyse des protocoles Rorschach il est possible de repérer des points communs :- un défaut du processus associatif et de symbolisation témoignent d’une difficulté dans la gestion des affects.- Des angoisses somatiques.- Humeur instable.étude IIla discrepance du soi chez les femmes atteintes d’endometrioseObjectif. approfondir les aspects représentationnels concernant l’image du soi maternel et séductif chez les femmes atteintes d'endométriose et souligner les possibles effets de modération de la Discordance du Soi sur le lien entre endométriose et dépression. Hypothèse. L'endométriose n'est pas nécessairement cause d'une souffrance psychologique manifeste; la relation entre ces deux variables pourrait être modérée par des facteurs relatifs à une réorganisation de la représentation de l’identité propre.Outils. - ISDI "integrated Self-Discrepancy Index" Hardin et Lakin 2009 - Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) Beck et au.1961Conclusiones. L'endométriose induit la dépression chez les femmes qui, en même temps présentent un sentiment d'inadéquation concernant la représentation maternelle du Soi, elles se perçoivent comme des mères, réelles ou fantasmatiques, mauvaises et inadaptées. / Study IThe psychological functioning in women affected by endometriosisObjective. To investigate the articulations of the relationship between psyche-body, the mental functioning and to the psychological experience of women affected by endometriosis.Hypothesis. Women affected by endometriosis, would be have an inequality of the psychic functioning and they have difficulties in the management of the feelings and of the own physical representation. The somatic dimension of the feminine is negative and threatening.Participants. Participants are twenty women, met in period of April-October, 2010 at the gynaecology service of the ARNAS Hospital Civico of Palermo. Tools. Psychological consult; and Test of Rorschach. Resulted. From the analysis of Rorschach protocols it is possible to stress some common points:- defect of associative and symbolization process,- difficulty in the affectivity management.- somatic fears.- unstable mood.Study IIThe self discrepancy in women affected by endometriosisObjective. To investigate the self discrepancy concerning the maternal and seductive representation in women affected by endometriosis. To underline the possible effects of moderation of the self discrepancy on the link between endometriosis and depression. Hypothesis. The endometriosis is not a direct cause of a psychological suffering; the relation between these two variables could be moderated by personality factors.Tools. - ISDI "integrated Self-Discrepancy Index" Hardin et Lakin 2009 - Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) Beck et al.1961Conclusions. The endometriosis leads to the depression only in women who, at the same time present discrepancy of the self maternal representation, only if they perceive themselves as bad and inappropriate, real or imaginary, mothers.

Bildungsroman refere-se a uma forma romanesca de origem germânica. Trata-se de uma forma literária que expressa o conflito entre o indivíduo e o mundo de um personagem durante seu período de formação (Bildung). No século XX, esse gênero firmou-se como um conceito produtivo em quase todas as literaturas nacionais de origem europeia ou americana. Neste trabalho, analisamos momentos relevantes da trajetória de formação da protagonista, Margarida Clark Dulmo, em que ela entra em conflito com a mentalidade provinciana da sociedade patriarcal açoriana do início do século XX, a fim de investigar a hipótese de que Mau Tempo no Canal, de Vitorino Nemésio, possa ser considerado como um romance de formação (Bildungsroman) açoriano. / Bildungsroman relates to a novel form of Germanic origin. It is a literary form that expresses the conflict between the individual and the world of a character during his training period (Bildung). In the twentieth century, this genre has established itself as a productive concept in almost all national literatures of European or American origin. In this paper, we analyze relevant moments of the trajectory of formation of the protagonist, Margaret Clark Dulmo where it conflicts with the provincial mentality of the Azorean patriarchal society of the early twentieth century, in order to investigate the hypothesis that Bad Weather in Canal Vitorino Nemesio, can be considered as a \"formation romance\" (Bildungsroman) Azores.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:59:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Irineia Lina Cesario.pdf: 465968 bytes, checksum: 3057c536aca0d24472f2b84821fc6361 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-05-07 / Fundação Ford / The main issue investigated and documented by the reading of Niketche a story of polygamy (2004) written by Paulina Chiziane alludes to the analogies in the plural dialogue in the space of the perceptive and cultural experience that generate libertarian images of the female conscience in the Mozambican polygamous context. In the course of the intradiegetic narration in the first person, we describe polygamy in a state of dramatic language sustained by concepts of literary theory and recent studies carried out by researchers of African Literature such as Coelho (1993), Leite (1988, 2004), Chaves (2005), Soares (2006), Lobo (2007), Noa (1997), Rosario (1989) and Santilli (2003). Chapter I, The Mirror A Reflection of Dialogue between Feminine and Masculine Love, centralizes the orality and vocality in discourse from Zumthor (1993,2000) under the aspects of Mozambican tongue and language represented in the polydiscourse of the Niketche dance, supported by Baudrillard (1992), Bettelheim (1980), Bachelard (2002), Genette (1995), Eco (1989), Segolin (1999), Urbano (2000), Bonicci (2000), Todorov (1968), Derrida (2005), Barthes (2006), among others. In Chapter II, Discursive Confluences between Feminine Faces/Voices, we demonstrate the discursive convergencies of female and male characters under the polyphonic theory of Bakthin (2002) which allowed us to establish an image of women oriented by caricatural and ludicrous behavior in group performance, founded on the matriarchal system, yet guaranteed by Casimiro (2004) and Tsemo (1992). In Chapter III, In the Legends of Western Orality Africanness, warranted by Perrone-Moises (1978, 2000) and by researchers of the said African Literature, we speak of the I-narrators as esthetical results of a ritualized and up-dated plot of the symbolic past. Lastly, Niketche, a dance of recreation, expresses the transition of the written language and the language of orality giving them a transforming character through body language, the place of the performance of the new writing of the memory, of Western tradition, and the testimonial and biographic change of female voices in a renewed textual universe / A principal questão investigada e comprovada pela leitura de Niketche: uma história de poligamia (2004), da escritora Paulina Chiziane, remete-se às analogias no diálogo plural, no espaço da experiência perceptiva e cultural geradora de imagens libertárias da consciência feminina no contexto poligâmico moçambicano. Na direção da narração intradiegética em primeira pessoa, descreveu-se, neste estudo, a poligamia em estado de linguagem dramática, tendo como suporte conceitos da teoria literária e estudos recentes de pesquisadores da literatura africana, como Coelho (1993), Leite (1988, 2004), Chaves (2005), Soares (2006), Lobo (2007), Noa (1997), Rosário (1989), Santilli (2003). O capítulo I, intitulado O Espelho: reflexo do diálogo entre o amor feminino e masculino centraliza a oralidade e a vocalidade no discurso, a partir de Zumthor (1993, 2000), sob os aspectos da língua e da linguagem moçambicanas, representado no polidiscurso da dança Niketche, apoiada, por Baudrillard (1992), Bettelheim (1980), Bachelard (2002), Genette (1995), Eco (1989), Segolin (1999), Urbano (2000), Bonicci (2000), Todorov (1968), Derrida (2005), Barthes (2006), dentre outros. No capítulo II, Confluências discursivas entre faces/vozes femininas , foram demonstradas as convergências discursivas de personagens femininas e masculinas sob a teoria polifônica de Bakthin (2002), que permitiu prescrever uma imagem da mulher orientada pelo comportamento caricatural e lúdico em performance grupal, fundamentado no matriarcalismo, todavia, afiançada por Casimiro (2004) e Tsemo (1992). No capítulo III, Nas lendas da oralidade ocidental a africanidade , avalizada por Perrone-Moisés (1978, 2000) e por pesquisadores da literatura africana em citação, aborda-se os eus-narradores como resultantes estéticos de uma trama ritualizada e atualizada do passado simbólico. Nas considerações finais, Niketche, dança recriadora, enuncia a transição da língua escrita e da linguagem da oralidade, conferindo-lhes um caráter transformador pela linguagem do corpo, lugar da performance da nova escritura da memória, da tradição ocidental e da mudança testemunhal e biográfica das vozes femininas, em renovado universo textual

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T18:47:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GER - TANIA GONCALVES LIMA.pdf: 1752639 bytes, checksum: 42986f0b37680e19780e7c513bba787f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-10-20 / This study treats of the representations on the old age and becoming old through the woman's feminine homosexual singular glance in the middle age. The old age feminization is a world phenomenon, present in all of the societies, and the woman homosexual is part of this growing group elder. The investigation with this group of women is presented by the analysis and interpretation of the meanings in the interviewees' speech middle age feminine homosexual. The research seeks to evidence new forms and possible social arrangements for the old age of these homosexual women, which present different family constitution and affectionate relationships from the dominant heterosexual group in the society. The prejudice and the stigma in relation to this minority of women are described and analyzed, evidencing the possibility of a double social prejudice. Reflections about the identity and subjectivity, deviates minority groups, gender and sexuality, family and forms of family organization in the modern society, and the existent relationships among these concepts, also base the theoretical discussion and the analysis of the meanings contained in those women's speeches / Este estudo trata das representações sobre a velhice e o tornar-se velho por meio do olhar singular da mulher homossexual feminina na meia-idade. A feminilização da velhice é um fenômeno mundial, presente em todas as sociedades, e a mulher homossexual faz parte desse grupo crescente de idosas. A investigação com este conjunto de mulheres é apresentada pela análise e interpretação dos significados no discurso das entrevistadas homossexuais femininas na meia-idade. A pesquisa procura evidenciar novas formas e arranjos sociais possíveis para a velhice destas mulheres homossexuais que apresentam constituição familiar e relações afetivas distintas do grupo heterossexual dominante na sociedade. O preconceito e o estigma em relação a esta minoria de mulheres são descritos e analisados, evidenciando a possibilidade de um duplo preconceito social. Reflexões sobre identidade e subjetividade, grupos desviantes e minoritários, gênero e sexualidade, família e formas de organização familiar na sociedade moderna, e as relações existentes entre estes conceitos, também fundamentam a discussão teórica e a análise dos significados contidos nos discursos dessas mulheres

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T19:20:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ceci Maria Costa Baptista Mariani.pdf: 836983 bytes, checksum: 9488e81f23d9e2c3fb66f730fdb5aef6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-12-05 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The point of departure for this study was the work Le Mirouer des Simples Ames by Marguerite Porete, who belonged to a religious order in the region of The Rhine and who, according to history, lived between the second half of the XIII century and the beginning of the XIV century. It is a stimulating work which makes an important contribution to philosophical, theological and literary thinking. Our aim in this study was to explore the Christian mystic, which reached its peak in the late Middle Ages, to deepen the perception of this dynamic which is expressed as an experience of annihilation and to perceive how it unfolds in the theology. The more specific objective was to go deeper into the meaning of Marguerite Porete´s theological thinking, fundamentally mystical, and her contribution to systematic theology today, which intends not only to unite concepts and theological theory, but also to be a theology attentive to historical experience, the objective site of God´s presence, but which in spite of this, has confronted the risk of losing its contemplative dimension, the subjective site of a mystic encounter with God, thus freely transcending historical time and space. Our theological reading of Mirouer led us to perceive that the great contribution from this work lies in the explicitness of the relation between self-deprivation and liberty on the one hand and on the other, the bold affirmation that God is Graciousness, a God of delicacy, sweetness and goodness, in a world whose favored image of God is that of the almighty Father, at one time director, protector and fount of authority, a God of great majesty who remains in heaven and occasionally extends his hand across the clouds. To the God who leads an army constituted of angels and saints who exercise an intermediary function and manifest his protective and judging omnipresence, Marguerite announces the Loin-près, He who from his absolute transcendence, through graciousness, comes to us and transforms us for communion with Him / O ponto de partida dessa pesquisa foi a obra Le Mirouer des Simples Ames de Marguerite Porete, uma beguina cleriga, da região do Reno e que, segundo consta, viveu entre a segunda metade do século XIII e início do século XIV. Uma obra instigante que traz uma contribuição importante para o pensamento filosófico-teológico e literário. Nosso objetivo, com esse estudo, foi sondar a mística cristã que atinge seu ápice na alta idade média, aprofundar a percepção dessa dinâmica, que se expressa como experiência de aniquilamento, e perceber como ela se desdobra em teologia. O objetivo mais específico foi aprofundar o significado do pensamento teológico de Marguerite Porete, fundamentalmente místico, e sua contribuição para teologia sistemática hoje que pretende ser mais que reunião de conceitos, teologia teórica, mas teologia que está atenta para a experiência histórica, lugar objetivo de presença de Deus, mas que, apesar disso, tem enfrentado o risco de perder sua dimensão contemplativa, lugar subjetivo do encontro místico com Deus, transcendência livre do espaço e do tempo, portanto da história. Nossa leitura teológica do Mirouer levou-nos a perceber que a grande contribuição da obra reside na explicitação da relação entre despojamento de si e liberdade por um lado e por outro, na ousada afirmação de que Deus é Cortesia, Deus de delicadeza, doçura e bondade, num mundo cuja imagem privilegiada de Deus é o Pai poderoso, a um tempo diretor e protetor, fonte de autoridade, Deus de grande majestade que permanece no céu e que eventualmente mostra sua mão através das nuvens. Ao Deus que está à frente de um exército constituído de santos e anjos que exercem a função de intermediários e que manifestam sua onipresença protetora e julgadora, Marguerite anuncia o Loin-près, aquele que desde a sua absoluta transcendência, por cortesia, vem a nós e nos transforma para a comunhão com ele

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La figure de l’épouse fait partie intégrante du genre épique, dont les œuvres homériques ont élaboré le modèle pour la littérature gréco-romaine. L’importance accordée à l’eros féminin, et particulièrement conjugal, est l’un des aspects sur lesquels repose l’évolution de la généricité épique, d’œuvre en œuvre. À l’époque flavienne, Valérius Flaccus et Stace confèrent un rôle déterminant à deux figures féminines, celle de Médée dans les Argonautiques et celle d’Argie dans la Thébaïde, et présentent, tous deux, d’autres facettes de l’eros conjugal dans leur épisode lemnien, dont Hypsipyle est l’héroïne centrale. Cette présence accentuée du féminin peut être rapprochée de la réflexion contemporaine sur l’éthique conjugale menée dans le domaine philosophique, notamment par Musonius Rufus. Sur le plan littéraire, dans le contexte de la latinité d’argent, elle manifeste un questionnement des normes du genre, qui se traduit par une représentation de l’épouse selon des modèles autres qu’épiques : celui du genre tragique et de l’élégie romaine, particulièrement des Héroïdes d’Ovide. À la confluence de trois traditions littéraires, épique, tragique et élégiaque, le rôle des figures féminines témoigne d’un renouvellement de l’épopée, dont l’élaboration de critères d’analyse portant sur les notions de genre, de généricité et d’intergénéricité permet de donner l’entière mesure. / The character of the wife is a central feature of the epic genre, for which Homer's poems stand as a model in Greek and Latin literature. The major role the feminine eros, especially towards a husband, plays in those works is one of the aspects on which the evolution of epic genericity relies, evolving from one poem to another. During the Flavian Age, Valerius Flaccus and Statius gave two feminine characters a major part in their poems : one is Medea in The Argonautics, the other Argia in Statius' Thebaid. Besides, both poets also illustrate other aspects of husband and wife eros in the Lemnian episode, which stages Hypsipyle as its heroine. From a philosophical point of view, we can see how this emphasized presence of feminine characters matches contemporary philosophers' theories on ethics within marriage, such as Musonius Rufus' thoughts. From the point de view of literature however, considering its setting in the Age of Silver latinity, we can consider this presence as a questioning of epic generic codes, which shows in the way wives are represented, according to the patterns of tragedy and of the Roman elegy, particularly of Ovid's Heroids. Therefore in the wake of three literary traditions - epic, tragedy, elegy -, the role of feminine characters shows the renewal of the epic, which we can fully study by creating criteria of analysis bearing on the notions of genre, genericity and intergenericity.

Despite his own conservative values, D.H. Lawrence writes sexually liberated female characters. The most subversive female characters in Lawrence’s oeuvre are the Brangwens of The Rainbow. The Brangwens are prototypical models of a form of femininity that connects women to Nature while distancing them from society; his women are cast as monsters, but are strengthened from their link with Nature. They represent what I am calling the Lawrentian-Woman. The Lawrentian-Woman has proven influential for contemporary British authors. I examine the Lawrentian-Woman’s adoption by later writers and her evolution from modernist frame to postmodern appropriation. First, I look at the Brangwens. They establish the tropes of the Lawrentian-Woman and provide the base from which to compare the model’s subsequent mutations. Next, I examine modern British writers and their appropriation of the Lawrentian-Woman. The Lawrentian-Woman’s attributes remain intact, but are deconstructed in ways that explore women’s continued liminality in patriarchal society.

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L’étude des différentes représentations des femmes, qu’elles interviennent à un niveau social, corporel ou encore linguistique, amène, dans le contexte littéraire, à interroger le concept d’identité. Ce « mot-valise », au sens de Jean Petitot-Cocorda, appartient au patriarcat, ce qui signifie que la notion d’identité elle-même a été pensée, élaborée par les hommes pour les hommes, que le mot même d’’identité appartient à l’univers sémantique masculin. Lorsque nous cherchons à définir l’identité féminine, nous sommes pris au piège de la langue élaborée par le patriarcat, car la notion d’identité fonctionne pour le Masculin, et ne peut donc pas, dans une approche qui revendique l’autonomie, être signifiante pour les femmes puisqu’elle n’a pas été pensée pour elles. Il y a une forme d’impasse à rechercher une identité stable et universalisable des femmes. Le présent travail de thèse se propose d’explorer les différents prismes sous lesquels des auteures francophones mettent en tension le Féminin afin de repenser le concept même d’identité depuis les années 1950, i.e. après la publication du Deuxième sexe (1949) de Simone de Beauvoir, qui marque la genèse des études anti-essentialistes. Dans le panorama de la terminologie critique utilisée dans les études du genre, les Gender studies, c’est la Littérature de femmes qui nous intéresse : elle consiste en la revendication d’identités des femmes qui leur soit propre, selon une perspective féministe différentialiste. Les auteures relevant de cette catégorie tendent à analyser une transcription du Féminin dans le texte, à l’y incarner, par le biais d’une esthétique spécifique. Ainsi, l’identité féminine littéraire consiste en une polysémie, une pluralité, préparant une identité « ouverte », inscrite « activement » dans les textes par les auteures (les thématiques traitées, les structures narratives...). Elle s'y inscrit aussi « passivement », par exemple par l’usage féminin de la langue, la présence du corps de l'auteure dans le texte. Il s’agit de déplacer les perspectives féministes pour en arriver à une circonscription féminine plus globale dans laquelle texte et auteure seraient indissociables. Les auteures étudiées, Corinna S. Bille, Nina Bouraoui, Assia Djebar, Jacqueline Harpman, Anne Hébert, Alice Rivaz, Gabrielle Roy et Marguerite Yourcenar, tendent à développer une véritable esthétique littéraire qui se place en faux par rapport à la logique sociale totalisante. Dans cette perspective, les femmes ne sont pas ramenées, réduites, à leur essence, c’est-à-dire à leur sexe biologique. Le Féminin, tel que l’envisagent nos auteures, est le produit d’une réflexion, d’une exploration du Moi, qui va des problématiques sociétales traditionnelles, représentées sous l’angle des thématiques abordées, à l’investissement d’une langue d’expression innovante et dépassant les clivages classiques autour du binôme « Masculin / Féminin ».Il ne s’agit plus, pour lors, de s’approprier la « langue de l’autre », mais bien de trouver la sienne propre. Nous sommes loin de l’archétype patriarcal qui bâtit et préétablit à l’existence et à l’écriture, les identités figées et prescrites des femmes. Comme nous le verrons, ces identités ne s’inscrivent plus dans une invariance de l’objet « femmes », mais les fondent souverainement dans leurs œuvres et par leurs écritures. Elles participent ainsi activement à une nouvelle définition de leur genre. Le déficit identitaire se comble par le recours aux caractéristiques féminines (oralité, nature, sexualité, etc.) différentes pour accéder à un tout définitoire ; dans ce corpus, il ne s’agit plus d’écrire comme ou contre les hommes, mais de s’émanciper de la langue patriarcale en incorporant les éléments textuels et linguistiques qui participent à la construction d’identités féminines composites. / The study of different representations, whether at a social, body or linguistic level, leads us to question the very concept of identity in literature. That “portmanteau word” – “mot-valise” in the meaning set out by Jean Petitot-Cocorda – belongs to Patriarchy, which means that the notion of identity itself has been (culturally) constructed by men for men, and the very word identity belongs to the semantic and existentialist masculine world. When we try to define feminine/female identity, we are trapped by the language constructed by patriarchal culture: the notion of identity is relevant for the Masculine and cannot be autonomously applied to women, since it has not been thought out for them in the first place. Therefore we reach a deadlock, as it were, when seeking a fixed, universal identity of women. This thesis will explore the different prisms through which French-speaking female writers put women’s identities into words and set them into tension so as to rethink the very concept of identity. Such process started in the 1950s with the publication of Le Deuxième sexe (1949) by Simone de Beauvoir, which marked the beginning of anti-essentialist studies.In the panorama of the terminology used in Gender studies, our attention will focus on Women’s literature, which implies claiming the existence of specific women’s identities from a differentialist feminist viewpoint. Female writers belonging to that category tend to analyze how the Feminine is conveyed into words in the text, to embody it, through a peculiar aesthetic. Thus woman’s identity in literature is based on polysemy and plurality, leading to an “open” identity, inscribed “actively” in the text by women writers (themes, narrative structures, etc.) and “passively” (for example, through a feminine use of language, the presence of the female writer’s body in the text, etc.). We have to shift feminist perspectives in order to achieve a more comprehensive feminine definition, in which text and writer are indissociable.The female authors included in our corpus (Corinna S. Bille, Nina Bouraoui, Assia Djebar, Jacqueline Harpman, Anne Hébert, Alice Rivaz, Gabrielle Roy and Marguerite Yourcenar) strive to develop a real literary aesthetic which is at odds with a rule-complying social model. From that viewpoint, women are not reduced to their essence, that is to their biological sex. The Feminine, as it is considered by our authors, is the result of a process of reflection and self-exploration, involving traditional societal issues (as figured in the themes dealt with), as well as an innovative literary language, capable of going beyond the classical dichotomy between masculine and feminine.Therefore, the aim is no longer to take possession of the “language of the other”, but to find one’s own. Therefore, we are distant from the patriarchal archetype constructing, and pre-establishing, fixed identities for women’s existence and writing. As we will see, such identities are no longer inscribed in the tradition of the objects “women”: they try to forge a new object in their writing, and in so doing they end up redefining their genre. In order to make up for the lack of “identity landmarks”, they resort to specific feminine features (oral language, nature, sexuality, etc.) so as to reach a definition of a Whole. The aim is no longer to write like men or against men, but to write women out of the patriarchal language by introducing in their texts those feminine elements capable of building a multifaceted feminine identity.