Syftet med denna uppsats är att genom kvalitativa intervjuer belysa hur föräldrar upplever en musikterapiinriktad samspels- och föräldrastödsgrupp på en neonatalmottagning. Forskningsfrågorna är: Vilka upplevelser beskriver deltagarna relaterat till samspels- och föräldrastödsgruppens verksamhet? Vilka uppfattningar har de om sessionernas innehåll? På vilka sätt använder deltagarna musik efter gruppens avslut? I bakgrunden ges en kort introduktion av musikterapi inom neonatalvård och tidigare forskning om musikterapi för föräldrar och deras barn presenteras. Metoden för denna studie är kvalitativ i form av kvalitativa intervjuer. Data har analyserats med kvalitativ innehållsanalys. I resultatet presenteras de tre kategorier som uppkommit utifrån innehållet i intervjuerna: Upplevelser av sessionerna, Sessionernas innehåll samt Musik efter avslut. I diskussionen kopplas studieresultatet till tidigare forskning under rubrikerna Musikterapi i grupp för föräldrar och deras barn bidrar till välbefinnande, Musikterapi och föräldraförmåga samt Musikterapi och anknytning. I sista kapitlet sammanställs även föräldrarnas tankar om verksamhetens innehåll och vad som kan utvecklas framöver. Några utvalda frågor gällande studiens metod diskuteras, och avslutningsvis framhålls föreliggande studies betydelse och förslag på framtida forskning framförs. / This thesis aims to explore parental experiences of a music therapy intervention and parent support group within a neonatal clinic. The background provides a brief overview of neonatal music therapy and highlights previous studies in the field. The methodology is qualitative interviews and content analysis. The result outlines three categories: Experiences of the sessions, The content of the sessions, and Music after participation. In the last chapter, the study’s result is discussed based on the themes: Music therapy in group settings for parents and children contributes to well-being, Music therapy and parental competence, and Music therapy and attachment. The parents’ thoughts on the group sessions as well as the content of the sessions as potential areas for development of the music therapy intervention and parent support group within a neonatal clinic, are discussed. Some questions concerning the methodology in the present study are raised, and finally, the significance of the present study is emphasized and suggestions for future research are put forward.

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The aim of this study was to investigate the after-school staff's perspectives on their strategies for promoting peer relationships for students with autism. Previous research has shown that children and young people with autism have difficulties linked to the diagnosis, which make social interaction and the maintenance of peer relationships difficult. The study used qualitative semi-structured interviews with eight after-school professionals. The interviews were analyzed using interpretive phenomenology to make the respondents' individual experiences visible. To interpret and discuss the results this study used the sociocultural theory, the four levels of relational perspective and Nilholm's perspective on inclusion. The phenomenological analysis of the data resulted in four different themes; The after-school staff's view of relationships for all students in the after-school center, the after-school staff's view of relationships for students with autism, the after-school staff's view of strategies to promote relationships for students with autism and the after-school staff's view of difficulties in building relationships within the after-school center. In the results, the after-school staff describe the importance of having peer relationships and be given the opportunity to participate in activities for all students within the after-school center and the activities need to be adapted to everyone. However, there were two respondents who problematized the idea of inclusion in that the group's needs can be overlooked when an activity needs to be adapted. In the results the respondents discussed that there were different difficulties among students with autism and, these difficulties had an impact on the social interaction and peer relationships. They also lifted differences between the sexes. The strategies that the after-school staff highlighted to support peer relationships for students with autism were about providing adult support in activities and individual solutions depending on which student they met. The results also show that there are aggravating circumstances regarding the work with relationships within the after-school center, some of the respondents described staff shortages, large student groups, the lack of planning time and lack of competence to meet students with autism. Overall, this study contributes with knowledge about peer relationships in relation to students with autism and which working methods may be suitable to support these students in the after-school center, as previous research in relationships connected to autism and after-school centers is limited. / I den här studien har syftet varit att undersöka fritidspersonalens perspektiv på deras strategier för att främja kamratrelationer för elever med autism. Tidigare forskning har visat att barn och unga med autism har olika svårigheter kopplat till diagnosen vilket försvårar det sociala samspelet och upprätthållandet av kamratrelationer. Studien genomfördes med kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer med åtta fritidspersonal. Intervjuerna analyserats sedan med hjälp av en tolkande fenomenologi för att synliggöra respondenternas individuella upplevelser. För att tolka och diskutera resultatet användes den sociokulturella teorin, de tre nivåerna av relationellt perspektiv och Nilholms perspektiv på inkludering. Den fenomenologiska analysen av data resulterade i fyra olika teman; Fritidspersonalens syn på relationer för alla elever inom fritidshemmet, fritidspersonalens syn på relationer för elever med autism, fritidspersonalens syn på strategier för att gynna relationer för elever med autism och fritidspersonalens syn av svårigheter i relationsbyggandet inom fritidshemmet. I resultatet beskriver fritidspersonalen vikten av att ha kamratrelationer och få delta i aktiviteter för alla elever inom fritidshemmet och att aktiviteter behöver anpassas till alla. Dock problematiseras inkluderingstanken av två respondenter genom att gruppens behov kan bli åsidosatt när en aktivitet behöver anpassas efter en elev. I resultatet diskuterades att det fanns olika svårigheter bland elever med autism, vilket försvårande det sociala samspelet och deras kamratrelationer. Svårigheterna kunde skilja sig mellan könen. De strategier som fritidspersonalen lyfte fram för att stötta kamratrelationerna för elever med autism handlade om att ge vuxenstöd i aktiviteter och individuella lösningar beroende på vilken elev de mötte. I resultatet framkommer också att det finns försvårande omständigheter vad gäller arbetet med relationer inom fritidshemmet, vissa av respondenterna beskrev personalbrist på grund av hög sjukfrånvaro, stora elevgrupper, bristen på planeringstid och avsaknad av kompetens att möta elever med autism. Sammantaget bidrar denna studie med kunskap om kamratrelationer i förhållande till elever med autism och vilka arbetssätt som kan vara lämpliga för att stötta dessa elever inom fritidshemmet då tidigare forskning inom relationer kopplat till autism och fritidshem är begränsade.

Denna uppsats diskuterar fyra unga vuxnas, i Växjö, relation till vinylskivor som format för musiklyssning. Genom den kvalitativa intervjumetoden görs ett försök att beskriva hur informanterna motiverar användandet av vinylskivor, vilka egenskaper som de tillskriver skivorna och hur det förhåller sig gentemot digital musiklyssning. Materialet har analyserats med hjälp av teorier kring retrologier (skapandet av sätt att se tillbaka), affordance (vinylskivans polyvokala egenskaper) och rekontextualiseringsprocesser (vilka egenskaper tillskrivs formatet i en modern kontext). Studien visar på vinylskivans förmåga att frambringa en särskild känsla hos informanterna och hur detta skapas utifrån flertalet olika dimensioner, så som skivans fysikalitet, visuella egenskaper och inbjudan till ett aktivt lyssnande.

Our study aims to discover how young men aged 15-19 perceive the image of men in women’s magazines. To do this we let eight young men read the two women’s magazines most read by young women their own age, Vecko Revyn and Cosmopolitan. We want to find whether they consider this image to be representative of their own reality. We are also interested in their opinion when it comes to possible consequences of this image as well as their ideas on how men should be portrayed. We used a combination of different methods. First, we used introspection by letting each of the young men note down their thoughts in a diary while reading the magazines. We then used qualitative interviews to further explore their opinions. We applied the method of phenomenology to our research, which allowed us to concentrate solely on the young men’s experiences without regard to our own opinions or interpretations. Our study shows that the majority of the young men in our study consider the image of men in magazines to be stereotyped, sexualized and lacking in complexity. They express a wish to see more ordinary men as well as different sides of men. Also, there is an interesting contradiction between the young men’s ideals which are very traditionally masculine and their criticism of these values being portrayed in the magazines. Furthermore, there is a noticeable gap in insight between the 15-year olds and the other young men. The youngest two alone accept the image of men in the magazines. All of the young men deny that they are affected by the image of men in the magazines, though they express their concern that other, weaker individuals as well as young women may be affected.

A reception analysis on Skellefteå Krafts external communication on CSR and sustainable development and in what ways students decode the message. As an effect of today's climate changes and global issues, one of the most important subjects for companies to communicate to consumers and stakeholders is corporate social responsibility (CSR). The purpose of this paper is to investigate in what ways the concept of responsibility in relation to corporate social responsibility and sustainable development infuse meaning in the external communication by the company Skellefteå Kraft. The paper also examines the way three respondent groups of students relate to this message. The theoretical frame stretches from different views on CSR- communication to green brand strategy and sustainable development. The critic on CSR-communication includes the concept of greenwashing. The study also relies on theories within semiotic analysis, reception analysis and Stuart Halls encoding decoding model. Using the method visual semiotic analysis made it possible to reveal what Stuart Hall calls the preferred reading of the company's external communication. To be able to analyze the way students relate to the message qualitative interviews was used. Tools within reception analyze was applied on the material from the interviews. Both the visual semiotic analysis and the analyze of the interviews showed that the external communication did not include the economic side of CSR as much as the social- and environmental aspect. This was to be expected since the campaigns are focused on customers and other stakeholders. The main result was that the respondents in large made a hegemonic read of both the advertising films and the campaign site. They lay focus primarily on the caption and less on the image itself. The respondents could mainly distinguish the communication of social responsibility. This may be because both campaigns focus primarily on the human being and different life styles. When it comes to environmental responsibility the analysis show that Skellefteå Kraft uses ecological arguments in their external communication about energy and electrician, but they do not demonstrate the extraction which does in fact have some negative effects on nature. If Skellefteå Kraft had been more willing to demonstrate the extraction process they probably would have been described as honest and their ecological arguments would have been more comprehensible. This would also be proof that the company has little to hide when it comes to environmental responsibility. The advertising film as well as the campaign site communicates joyfulness and naturally produced electricity.

This study, with an intercultural perspective, aimed to find out which groups of people and what type of norms was most commonly represented in the examined children’s literature of two preschools and one preschool class. This study also aimed to find out how teachers at these work places work with this literature. We wanted to find out what teachers believe is important to exist within their books, and what the work regarding the subject of children’s literature meant to them. Our methods to gather data have been to conduct qualitative interviews with the teachers and quantitative analysis of their work place’s children’s books. The result showed that the teachers believed that having conversations about the books are particularly important, both for the children’s language development, but also to learn more and to be able to describe their own feelings. The study of the examined children's literature showed, among other things, that boys are more commonly represented in main roles than girls, and that animals make up for a big percentage of the main roles as well. The study also showed that people of foreign ethnicity, people with disabilities, as well as parents in same-sex relationships were for the most part absent in the examined children’s literature.

ICT (Information and communication technology) is a fundamental part of modern society and has been part of the educational systems across the world for a few decades. This essay focuses specifically on the relationship between ICT and the teaching and learning of English as a foreign language. ICT has been found to be pedagogically beneficial, but the transition towards and the handling of ICT is often challenging for schools and teachers. The aim of this study is to present and analyze Junior High School English teachers’ opinions regarding the use of ICT in their profession. The study identifies and discusses some of the advantages and disadvantages of ICT in education generally and in relation to the English subject specifically. The results are analyzed through a sociocultural perspective and the empirical foundation of this study is based on qualitative interviews with six English teachers. The results reveal that the interviewed teachers are optimistic towards the new technologies in their profession and that there is a will to further improve and learn more about the pedagogical benefits of ICT. Although there are obstacles hindering successful ICT integration in school, the possibilities and advantages that come with the new technologies make them indispensable. However, the results also reveal that there is still room for traditional materials in school and teachers seem to view ICT as a complement and do not wish to rely solely on modern technologies. / IKT (Informations- och kommunikationsteknologi) är en grundläggande del av det moderna samhället och har varit en del av världens skolsystem sedan årtionden tillbaka. Denna uppsats är specifikt fokuserad på förhållandet mellan IKT och engelskundervisning i den svenska högstadieskolan. IKT har visat sig vara pedagogiskt fördelaktigt i flera avseenden men övergången mot och hanterandet av IKT är ofta en utmaning för skolor och lärare. Syftet med denna uppsats är att presentera och analysera engelsklärares åsikter gällande användandet av IKT i deras yrke. Uppsatsen identifierar och diskuterar några av de fördelar och nackdelar som finns med IKT i skolan generellt och i förhållande till engelskämnet specifikt. Resultaten analyseras utifrån ett sociokulturellt perspektiv på lärande och den empiriska grunden för uppsatsen är baserad på kvalitativa intervjuer med sex engelsklärare i högstadiet. Resultaten visar att de intervjuade lärarna är optimistiska gentemot de nya teknologierna och att det finns en vilja att vidareutvecklas och lära sig mer om de pedagogiska fördelarna med IKT. Möjligheterna och fördelarna med IKT gör företeelsen oumbärlig, även om det finns hinder i vägen för ett framgångsrikt implementerande i skolan. Dock visar resultaten även att det fortfarande finns utrymme för traditionella läromedel i skolan och lärarna tycks betrakta IKT som ett komplement och önskar inte enbart förlita sig på de moderna teknologierna.

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Kvinnor rapporterar sämre självskattad hälsa än män och utlandsföddas psykiska välmående är sämre än svenskföddas. Delaktighet och inflytande har visats vara starkt sammankopplat med hälsa och det är därför viktigt med ett effektivt integrationsarbete för att skapa delaktighet och inflytande i det svenska samhället. Syftet med denna undersökning var att undersöka upplevelser och erfarenheter av integrationen i Sverige bland utlandsfödda kvinnor utifrån ett folkhälsoperspektiv. För att besvara syftet har en kvalitativ ansats använts och fem semistrukturerade intervjuer med utlandsfödda kvinnor i olika åldrar över 18 år genomfördes. Insamlade intervjudata analyserades genom en manifest innehållsanalys. I resultatet framkom att sociala nätverk, språk och arbete är tre viktiga aspekter för att integreras i det svenska samhället. Rädsla och ovilja inför nya kulturer kan förhindra individers möjligheter till att integreras samt att kulturkrockar kan försvåra integrationen. Det framkom även att det bör finnas ett tvärsektoriellt arbete mellan samhällsaktörer och att lättillgänglig information kan nås, för en lättare förståelse för kulturen i det nya landet. Slutsatsen är att det finns olika aspekter som utlandsfödda kvinnor upplever påverkar deras möjlighet till integration: upplevelser, underlättande faktorer och hinder för integration. Framtida beslutsfattare bör ha dessa i åtanke vid utformning av styrning och policy för integration. / Women self-report worse health than men, and people born in a foreign country report lower psychological well-being than Swedish born people. Participation and influence within society directly correlate with health, therefore it is important to integrate people into society so that they can participate and gain influence. The purpose of this study is, using a public health perspective, to examine foreign born women’s relations and experiences of integration in Sweden. A qualitative approach was used to answer the purpose. Five semi-structured interviews have been conducted in Stockholm, Västerås and Gävle with foreign born women of 18 years and older. The collected interview data was analyzed using manifest content analysis. The results showed that social-networks, language, and occupation are three important aspects that contribute to successful integration. Fear and unwillingness to assimilate to different cultures in a new country can increase the difficulty of integration. To ease integration, the participants believed that a multi-sectoral approach is necessary, stakeholders in integration need to work together. The women further described that more information and transparency in information from stakeholders will increase their ability to successfully integrate into a new country. The conclusions are that there are three main aspects that foreign born women believe influence their possibility to integration: experiences, possibilities and obstacles. Future policy makers should regard these important aspects when presenting policies for integration.