Global ETD Search

141	Vi sitter i samma båt : En kvalitativ studie om anhörigskap och borderline personlighetsstörning / We are in the same Boat : A Qualitative Study on Being a Relative of Someone with Borderline Personality Disorder Tingström , Lina, Edman, Sofia, Hedin, Freja January 2009 (has links) <p> </p><p>A person with borderline personality disorder, which is a mental illness, can be described as emotionally instable. As a relative of a person with borderline personality disorder one often feels a sense of despair, anxiety and fear. The essay’s purpose was to get an understanding of what it means to be a relative of a person with borderline personality disorder. We wanted to see the relative’s relationship from two perspectives, both from the relative’s perspective and from the professional’s perspective. The essay was a qualitative study with a phenomenological approach. The results were structured into five themes. These were: Growing up, To be diagnosed, Life with borderline, The present, and The future. The results were analyzed against coping. A qualitative analysis was conducted. The results showed that life as a relative of a person with borderline personality disorder in many cases can be stressful. For example, they adapted their own life very much. Blame from the healthcare system and from the surrounding environment seemed to be a prominent feature of the family.</p><p> </p> / <p> </p><p>En person med borderline personlighetsstörning, som är en psykisk sjukdom, kan beskrivas som emotionell instabil. Som anhörig till en person med borderline personlighetsstörning kan man känna oro, rädsla och förtvivlan. Uppsatsens syfte var att få förståelse för hur det är att vara anhörig till en person med borderline personlighetsstörning. Anhörigskapet studeras från två perspektiv: dels från anhörigas och dels från professionellas. Uppsatsen var en kvalitativ studie och hade en fenomenologisk ansats. Resultatet strukturerades i fem teman: Uppväxt, Att få diagnosen, Livet med borderline, Nutid och Framtid. Resultatet analyserades mot copingbegreppet. En kvalitativ analys genomfördes. Resultatet visade att livet som anhörig till en person med borderline personlighetsstörning i många fall kan vara påfrestande då de till exempel fick anpassa sitt eget liv. Skuldbeläggande från sjukvården och från omgivningen verkade vara en återkommande erfarenhet.</p><p> </p> Borderline Personality Disorder Relative’s relationship Relative To be diagnosed Life with Borderline Coping Adapted your own life Blame Qualitative Analysis Professional Borderline personlighetsstörning Anhörigsskap Anhörig Att få diagnos Livet med Borderline Coping Anpassa sitt eget liv Skuld Kvalitativ analys professionell Social welfare/social pedagogics Social omsorg/socialpedagogik
142	Vi sitter i samma båt : En kvalitativ studie om anhörigskap och borderline personlighetsstörning / We are in the same Boat : A Qualitative Study on Being a Relative of Someone with Borderline Personality Disorder Tingström , Lina, Edman, Sofia, Hedin, Freja January 2009 (has links) A person with borderline personality disorder, which is a mental illness, can be described as emotionally instable. As a relative of a person with borderline personality disorder one often feels a sense of despair, anxiety and fear. The essay’s purpose was to get an understanding of what it means to be a relative of a person with borderline personality disorder. We wanted to see the relative’s relationship from two perspectives, both from the relative’s perspective and from the professional’s perspective. The essay was a qualitative study with a phenomenological approach. The results were structured into five themes. These were: Growing up, To be diagnosed, Life with borderline, The present, and The future. The results were analyzed against coping. A qualitative analysis was conducted. The results showed that life as a relative of a person with borderline personality disorder in many cases can be stressful. For example, they adapted their own life very much. Blame from the healthcare system and from the surrounding environment seemed to be a prominent feature of the family. / En person med borderline personlighetsstörning, som är en psykisk sjukdom, kan beskrivas som emotionell instabil. Som anhörig till en person med borderline personlighetsstörning kan man känna oro, rädsla och förtvivlan. Uppsatsens syfte var att få förståelse för hur det är att vara anhörig till en person med borderline personlighetsstörning. Anhörigskapet studeras från två perspektiv: dels från anhörigas och dels från professionellas. Uppsatsen var en kvalitativ studie och hade en fenomenologisk ansats. Resultatet strukturerades i fem teman: Uppväxt, Att få diagnosen, Livet med borderline, Nutid och Framtid. Resultatet analyserades mot copingbegreppet. En kvalitativ analys genomfördes. Resultatet visade att livet som anhörig till en person med borderline personlighetsstörning i många fall kan vara påfrestande då de till exempel fick anpassa sitt eget liv. Skuldbeläggande från sjukvården och från omgivningen verkade vara en återkommande erfarenhet. Borderline Personality Disorder Relative’s relationship Relative To be diagnosed Life with Borderline Coping Adapted your own life Blame Qualitative Analysis Professional Borderline personlighetsstörning Anhörigsskap Anhörig Att få diagnos Livet med Borderline Coping Anpassa sitt eget liv Skuld Kvalitativ analys professionell Social welfare/social pedagogics Social omsorg/socialpedagogik
143	Redigering och skuld : Ett kognitivt perspektiv på redigeringensfunktioner i ansvarsutkrävande tv-reportage / Editing and Guilt : A cognitive perspective on editing in investigative TV reporting Urniaz, Piotr January 2013 (has links) Abstract: During the past decade, media researchers have intensified the study of media scandals and the role of journalism as an institution that holds social actors responsible for malfeasance and wrongdoings. On a micro level of analysis, the main attention has beendirected towards the journalistic interview and its use to promote the impression of guilt and journalistic neutrality. However, such studies have not been able to address the editing dimension of TV journalism that transforms conversation to another type of communicativepractice – that of communication through TV-flows composed of speech sequences, pictures,and sounds. This doctoral thesis develops a theoretical framework for analysis of the functions of editing inthe process of guilt attribution by journalistic TV-flows – e.g. investigative TV reporting. The purpose is also to contribute to an understanding of the relationship between the communicative competences of viewers and the contextualization of speech acts through the composition of TV-flows. The developed perspective consists of three parts: 1) A division of viewers’ reception of TV-flows in two types of interpersonal relations (to a speaker and to the composer) that involves six levels of cognitive activities. This division is based on the Habermasian notion of communicative rationality; 2) An intent-model, that lists communicative intentions expressed by the composer when speech sequences are merged and pictures are inserted; 3) A guilt-model, that encompasses guilt as a mental structure of ontologically separated elements (e.g. deed,intention, norm) and the associative relations that the viewer uses to create a meaningful whole– a fabula of guilt. The conveyed analysis of three cases of investigative reporting illustrates how the developed framework can be applied in the study of guilt attribution. The analyses also describe several compositional strategies by which the viewer is encouraged to make certain meaning, evaluate, and judge. The strategies concern the following areas: promotion of certain understanding of speech, promotion of certain evaluation of the validity claims, and promotion of certain understanding of the speaker’s intentions. Also strategies of positioning of the reporter in constructed discourses, that enhance the impression of her performances and argumentation, are explored. Furthermore, the composer’s strategies for masking intentions to interfere with the speech acts, by increasing intent ambiguity, are described. The guilt-model is used to understand the workings of the TV-flow on an overreaching level of meaning (the fabula level). Here, the analysis explains the interplay between portrayed intentions and acts, and the different ways in which condemning norms can be activated and highlighted. Furthermore, the model explores the possible employment of categorization in theprocess of guilt attribution (e.g. when properties of an individual are transferred to a group). In sum, this thesis contributes to a new way of understanding the reception of current affairs programs and TV journalism, as relation building between composer and viewer, by means of contextualization of speech acts. TV journalism attribution of guilt mental models Jürgen Habermas Formal Pragmatics visual communication communicative ethics media literacy cognition the viewer investigative journalism media accountability political scandals critical realism documentary film Tv-journalistik granskande journalistik redigering dokumentärfilm reception kommunikativ etik Jürgen Habermas audiovisuell kommunikation argumentation skuld skuldattribuering ansvarsutkrävande medieskandaler formalpragmatik manipulation komposition
144	'n Onderwysregtelike perspektief op regsaanspreeklikheid van onderwyser-afrigters in skolerugby / Roché Marx. Marx, Roché January 2013 (has links) School rugby is one of the most popular sports within numerous South-African public schools. Each year competition gets tougher as a result of the increase in tournaments during school holidays and the nationwide promotion of interschool tournaments. Educators as coaches of school teams carry the responsibility to not only pursue competitiveness, but also care for the safety of the school rugby players. Between 2001 and 2010, 13 of 36 players that obtained spinal related injuries ended up as quadriplegic, according to data from the Chris Burger/Petro Jackson Players’ Fund. Statistics show that serious rugby related injuries amongst school rugby players have increased, thus compromising the safety of the rugby player. These statistics add to the central theme of this study, namely educator security. Educator-coaches’ security is greatly influenced by the safety of the school rugby player. The South African Rugby Union (SARU) proceeded to follow the example of other rugby playing countries by implementing a rugby safety program. BOKSMART was launched in 2009 in conjunction with the Chris Burger/Petro Jackson Players Fund. The rugby safety program is implemented for coaches to guide them with the latest methods regarding skills and techniques for the enhancement of safer rugby. During this study similar rugby programs will be analysed and discussed to determine the effect these programs has on educator-coach safety. To understand the effect more clearly, delictual liability is discussed which is connected to an introduction of the South African legal system. The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, education legislation and other legislation with regards to the security of the educator-coaches’ and the safety of the school rugby player is discussed. A discussion regarding the application of the law of delict is also included. During the empirical research a qualitative research method is used to determine and interpret the perceptions of educator-coaches regarding their security. If an educator- coach is confronted with legal actions, it can have a negative effect on his worklife and career. Focus is placed on educator-coaches of high school teams, while principals and sport organisers also gave their input on the subject. Findings are presented based on an analysis of the data gathered. Two important findings stood out, namely that all educator-coaches are not well acquainted with the legal aspects regarding player safety and educator-coach’s security and secondly, that there is a need to gain more knowledge regarding delictual liability, as applied to rugby coaching. / Thesis (MEd (Education Law))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013. Security safety education law educator-coach school rugby player schools rugby legislation education legislation legal liability delictual liability act wrongfulness damage fault rugby injury rugby safety programmes sekuriteit veiligheid onderwysreg onderwyser-afrigter skolerugbyspeler skolerugby wetgewing onderwyswetgewing regsaanspreeklikheid deliktuele aanspreeklikheid handeling onregmatigheid skuld skade rugbybesering rugby-veiligheidsprogramme
145	'n Onderwysregtelike perspektief op regsaanspreeklikheid van onderwyser-afrigters in skolerugby / Roché Marx. Marx, Roché January 2013 (has links) School rugby is one of the most popular sports within numerous South-African public schools. Each year competition gets tougher as a result of the increase in tournaments during school holidays and the nationwide promotion of interschool tournaments. Educators as coaches of school teams carry the responsibility to not only pursue competitiveness, but also care for the safety of the school rugby players. Between 2001 and 2010, 13 of 36 players that obtained spinal related injuries ended up as quadriplegic, according to data from the Chris Burger/Petro Jackson Players’ Fund. Statistics show that serious rugby related injuries amongst school rugby players have increased, thus compromising the safety of the rugby player. These statistics add to the central theme of this study, namely educator security. Educator-coaches’ security is greatly influenced by the safety of the school rugby player. The South African Rugby Union (SARU) proceeded to follow the example of other rugby playing countries by implementing a rugby safety program. BOKSMART was launched in 2009 in conjunction with the Chris Burger/Petro Jackson Players Fund. The rugby safety program is implemented for coaches to guide them with the latest methods regarding skills and techniques for the enhancement of safer rugby. During this study similar rugby programs will be analysed and discussed to determine the effect these programs has on educator-coach safety. To understand the effect more clearly, delictual liability is discussed which is connected to an introduction of the South African legal system. The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, education legislation and other legislation with regards to the security of the educator-coaches’ and the safety of the school rugby player is discussed. A discussion regarding the application of the law of delict is also included. During the empirical research a qualitative research method is used to determine and interpret the perceptions of educator-coaches regarding their security. If an educator- coach is confronted with legal actions, it can have a negative effect on his worklife and career. Focus is placed on educator-coaches of high school teams, while principals and sport organisers also gave their input on the subject. Findings are presented based on an analysis of the data gathered. Two important findings stood out, namely that all educator-coaches are not well acquainted with the legal aspects regarding player safety and educator-coach’s security and secondly, that there is a need to gain more knowledge regarding delictual liability, as applied to rugby coaching. / Thesis (MEd (Education Law))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013. Security safety education law educator-coach school rugby player schools rugby legislation education legislation legal liability delictual liability act wrongfulness damage fault rugby injury rugby safety programmes sekuriteit veiligheid onderwysreg onderwyser-afrigter skolerugbyspeler skolerugby wetgewing onderwyswetgewing regsaanspreeklikheid deliktuele aanspreeklikheid handeling onregmatigheid skuld skade rugbybesering rugby-veiligheidsprogramme
146	Om jag inte kan göra nog så gör jag istället ingenting / If I can´t do enough I do nothing instead. Westergren, Gisela January 2018 (has links) It`s blameful to do nothing. You should catch the day and its possibilities. Every second, minute and day, you have the potential to be constantly productive. Do not lose a second of time that you can use to create an imprint of your existence. Do not waste your time when you have the opportunity to create something measurably valuable. Soon you are gone and the competition is great. Doing nothing is a task that fewer and fewer are devoted to, to a lesser extent. We are expected to always be accessible and keep up to date with what is happening around us. There is a constant occupation of our sense of mind, thoughtfulness and rest is unprioritized. We try to maximize the part of our time when we are productive and active to absurdity. The goal seems to make as big imprint of our existence as possible. Fast and more is applauded until the day we burn ourselves out. In my work, I investigate passivity as backlash in a faster world, in a world where focus is on production, efficiency and results. A world where everything worth valuing is measurable. What is really a desired result and is it always possible to measure? Who really gets that gain from our fast life? Can passivity and slowness act as an activist act? Can one passively create something measurable? Is burning time perhaps our time´s most provocative act? With my work, I want to question my constant bad conscience about being insufficient and my feeling of not doing enough. If I can´t do enough, I do nothing instead. / Det är skuldbelagt att göra ingenting. Du bör fånga dagen och dess möjligheter. Varje sekund, minut och dag har du potential att vara konstant produktiv. Förlora inte en sekund av tid som du kan använda till att skapa ett avtryck av din existens. Slösa inte med din tid när du har möjlighet att skapa något mätbart värdefullt. Snart är du borta och konkurrensen är stor. Att göra ingenting är en syssla som allt färre ägnar sig åt. Vi förväntas alltid vara tillgängliga och hålla oss uppdaterade om vad som händer runt oss. Det sker ständigt en ockupation av våra sinnesintryck. Eftertänksamhet och vila prioriteras bort. Vi försöker att maximera den del av vår tid då vi är produktiva och aktiva till absurditet. Målet verkar vara att hinna sätta ett så stort avtryck av vår existens som möjligt. Snabbare och mer applåderas till den dagen då vi bränner ut oss. I mitt arbete undersöker jag passivitet som motreaktion till en snabbare värld, i en värld där fokus ligger på produktion, effektivitet och resultat. I en värld där endast det som är mätbart ges ett värde. Vad är egentligen ett önskat resultat och är det alltid möjligt att mäta? Vem är det egentligen som får vinsten av vårt snabba liv? Kan passivitet och långsamhet fungera som en aktivistisk handling? Kan man passivt skapa något mätbart? Är ”att bränna tid” kanske vår tids mest provokativa handling? Med mitt arbete vill jag ifrågasätta mitt konstanta dåliga samvete om att vara otillräcklig och min känsla av att jag inte gör tillräckligt. Om jag inte kan göra nog så gör jag istället ingenting. Passivity Slowness Measurability Productivity Efficiency Faster Fragmentation Self-fulfilling Guilt Burnout Depression Rest Doing Nothing Anxiety Existence Imprint Remembered Valuable Refusal Passivitet Långsamhet Mätbarhet Produktivitet Effektivitet Fortare Splittring Självuppfyllande Skuld Utbränd Depression Vila Göra ingenting Ångest Existens Avtryck Ihågkommen Värde Vägran Arts Konst
147	Die onontkombaarheid van die verlede (Afrikaans) Kemp, Anna Francina 22 February 2010 (has links) AFRIKAANS : In die studie word gepoog om aan te dui op watter ingrypende maniere die Afrikaner se problematiese verlede altyd weer opduik in die hede, en op watter maniere hierdie verlede die groei en ontwikkeling van ’n nuwe Suid-Afrikaanse identiteit kan verhinder, of andersins, hoe ’n grondige en bewuste Auseinandersetzung met die verlede kan lei tot beter begrip, nie alleenlik van die verlede nie, maar ook van die hede en (ideaalgesproke) van die toekoms. Daar word geredeneer word dat ’n proses van bewuste konfrontasie met die verlede noodsaaklik is vir die ontwikkeling van ’n lewensvatbare identiteit. Hierdie proses sluit in ’n bewuswording en ontleding van die houdings van skuld (ook kollektiewe skuld), verlies en melancholie jeens die verlede. ’n Belangrike newe-komponent van die verhandeling is om hierdie proses te koppel aan verhaaltegniese middele wat aangewend word in die bundel vertellings onder bespreking. Daar word gepoog om ’n noodwendige verband te lê tussen tematiek en narratiewe tegnieke. In die verhandeling word aandag gegee aan die temas van skuld en verlies in die verhale, asook die vele motiewe wat gekoppel kan word aan hierdie twee temas. Daar word ook aandag gegee aan verteltegnieke soos tydsvorme, assosiatiewe skryfwyse, vertellingstrant en die stem van die verteller, wat aangewend word om die konfrontasie met en houdings jeens die verlede uit te beeld. Daar word geargumenteer in die verhandeling dat die prosa in hierdie bundel as vertellings gereken moet word, eerder as kortverhale (of meer spesifiek, short stories), en wel omdat die temas en die verteltegnieke bymekaar aansluit met die oog op ’n spesifieke leserrespons wat ’n grondige konfrontasie met en bestekopname van die verlede behels. ENLISH : The study focuses on the inescapable presence of a problematic past in contemporary South Africa, and the ways in which this past prevents the development of a new South African identity. It argues that a fundamental reckoning with the past will lead to a better understanding of the present and the future, and is essential to the development of a viable South African identity. This process of reckoning with the past involves an awareness and analysis of attitudes towards the past, which includes guilt (also collective guilt), loss and melancholy. The process of Auseinandersetzung with the past is then linked to specific narrative techniques which are employed in the collection of short prose under discussion. It is argued that there exists a connection between theme and narrative technique. Narrative techniques under discussion include tense (past and present tense), associative writing, narration and voice. It is argued that the short prose in the collection under discussion should be defined as (oral) narratives (vertellings), rather than Short Stories. The reader response towards an (oral) narrative differs from the response towards a Short Story, and the difference is essential in the process of confrontation with the problematic past/history. Copyright / Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Afrikaans / unrestricted Vertelling teenoor kortverhaal Confrontation with the past Onontkombare verlede Inescapable past Past tense in prose Onmitologiseringsproses Verledetydsvorm in prosa Houdings jeens die verlede Collective guilt Kollektiewe skuld Attitudes towards the past Konfrontasie met die verlede Past and identity Narrative vs short story Tydsvorme in prosa Tense in prose Verlede en identiteit Loss and melancholy Process of demythologizing Verlies en melancholie UCTD
148	Organisatoriska aspekters koppling till teknisk skuld : En fallstudie om hur balansen av organisatoriska aspekter kan understödja kontrasterande perspektiv och påverka teknisk skuld / Organizational aspects connection to technical debt : A case study on how balance of organizational aspects can support contrasting perspectives and affect technical debt Jönsson, Gabriel, Jönsson, Tobias January 2021 (has links) Digitaliseringen har inneburit en tilltagande komplexitet i organisationer, vilket föranlett skapandet av begreppet teknisk skuld. Likväl som organisationer försätter sig i ekonomiska skulder försätter sig organisationer i tekniska skulder. Tidigare forskning inom teknisk skuld visar på ett kunskapsgap gällande organisationsteoretiska aspekters eventuella påverkan på teknisk skuld. Baserat på detta så syftar studien till att undersöka antagandet gällande kontrasterande perspektiv på teknisk skuld mellan kommersiellt styrda och tekniskt styrda organisatoriska enheter. För att sedan utforska huruvida balansen av organisatoriska aspekter mellan enheter kan understödja en viss typ perspektiv och därmed inverka på organisationens faktiska ageranden, avvägningar och vägval i relation till teknisk skuld. Undersökningen grundas i en kvalitativ fallstudie där åtta intervjuer i fyra mjukvaruutvecklande organisationer genomförts. Studien visar på att perspektiven mellan enheter i denna undersökning skiljer sig åt en aning men att detta inte påverkar teknisk skuld i någon större utsträckning. Detta tack vare ömsesidig förståelse, god kommunikation, samsyn genom överordnade mål samt balans mellan makt och kultur. Kommersiella krafter tycks besitta något mer makt men undersökta bolag har samtidigt vägt upp detta genom en tydligt teknikfokuserad kultur. Vilket kan få organisationer att, om något, balansera en aning mer åt ett fokus på framtida hållbarhet och därmed gå miste om nutida affärsmöjligheter genom att undgå ett mer flexibelt och tillåtande förhållningssätt till teknisk skuld. / Digitization has meant an increasing complexity in organizations, which has led to the creation of the concept of technical debt. Just as organizations incur financial debts the organizations incur technical debts. Previous research in technical debt sheds light on a knowledge gap regarding organizational aspects, which influence technical debt. Based on this, the study aims to examine the assumption regarding contrasting views on technical debt between commercially controlled and technically controlled organizational units. To then explore whether the balance of organizational aspects between units can support a certain type of perspective and thereby influence the organization's actual actions, trade-offs and decision-making in relation to technical debt. The study was created through a qualitative case study where eight interviews were conducted in four software developing organizations. The study shows that the perspectives between units in this survey differ slightly, but that this does not affect technical debt to any great extent. This thanks to mutual understanding, good communication, consensus through overriding goals and a balance between power and culture. Commercial forces seem to possess somewhat more power, but surveyed companies have at the same time offset this through a clear product- and technology-focused culture. Which may cause organizations to, if anything, balance a little bit more on future sustainability and thus miss out on current business opportunities by avoiding a more flexible and permissive approach to technical debt. Technical debt commercially controlled unit technically controlled unit communication culture consensus power ambidexterity exploit explore productification opportunity loss Teknisk skuld kommersiellt styrd enhet tekniskt styrd enhet kommunikation kultur samsyn makt ambidexteritet exploit explore produktifiering opportunity loss Engineering and Technology Teknik och teknologier Information Systems, Social aspects
149	Defining Thresholds for Enterprise Architecture Debt / Definiera gränsvärden för Enterprise Architecture Debt Larsson, Malin January 2021 (has links) A common challenge in organizations is a perception of that different languages are spoken among IT and other departments. Co-workers come from different background, have different knowledge base and sometimes even different objectives which can make an alignment more challenging. Enterprise Architecture (EA) can align IT investments with business directions and potentially solve issues regarding business-IT misalignments and bring value to organizations. Technical Debt (TD) is a well-established concept in software development and means that a solution that is “quick and dirty” is applied in order to earn time in short term and be able to provide a function in a system more quickly. This primitive implementation will at a later stage need to be corrected and rewritten, and the longer it takes, the more advanced, complex and time-consuming the correction will be. As EA has grown, major scientific and academic contributions have been developed. What is still missing is insight and ability to include a debt concept, which not only address TD but also business aspects. By adapting the TD concept in the EA domain, a new metaphor, providing a holistic perspective, has been proposed; Enterprise Architecture Debt (EAD). Up to the present debts for measuring EAD has been identified, but current research projects has not yet identified when a certain measure is to be considered of high or low quality. There is a need to develop a process for deriving such thresholds and identifying them. To be able to communicate the severity of an EAD to stakeholders, thresholds for EAD measures plays an important role. These thresholds will in the long term play a role in providing a tool for computer scientist working in organizations exploiting EA, and also contribute to current research within the field of IT-management and EA. By adopting a systematic process for defining expert driven thresholds a first version of a process for defining EAD thresholds could be presented and tested with domain experts. Five common opinions were detected, regarding the process, among the experts. The process could potentially facilitate useful communication and it was considered positive that it highlighted the context of the EAD. Also, that clearer process description and real-world EA model examples was needed, and that the moment of selecting membership function was unnecessary came up. Further, drivers for EAD thresholds and areas where it is perceived as important to have thresholds for EADs was a focus during the study. Cost and time, responsibility and engagement and context are perceived to be important drivers for EAD thresholds. While the business-it alignment and master data are seen as important areas. Also, context can play an important role when determine important areas. / En vanlig utmaning inom organisationer är uppfattningen av att olika språka talas på IT-avdelningen och övriga avdelningar. Medarbetare kommer från olika bakgrund, har olika kunskapsbas och ibland till och med olika mål, vilket kan göra fastställandet av riktning mer utmanande. Enterprise Architecture (EA) kan säkerställa att IT investeringar och affärs direktiv går i samma riktning och kan därmed potentiellt lösa problem i anslutning till IT och övrig affärsverksamhet som uppstått på grund av detta och skapa värde till organisationen. Teknisk skuld är ett väletablerat koncept inom mjukvaruutveckling och syftar till att enlösning som är ”quick and dirty” tillämpas för att vinna tid på kort sikt och kunna tillämpa en funktionalitet i ett system snabbare. Denna primitiva implementation kommer vid senare tillfälle behöva korrigeras och skrivas om. Ju längre tid det tar desto mer avancerad, komplex och tidskrävande kommer ändringen att bli. I takt med att EA har vuxit har stora vetenskapliga och akademiska bidrag utvecklats. Vad som fortfarande saknas är insikt och förmåga att inkludera ett skuldkoncept som inte bara adresserar tekniks skuld utan även affärsaspekter. Genom att introducera konceptet teknisk skult i EA domänen har en ny metafor, som tillhandahåller ett helhetsperspektiv, föreslagits; Enterprise Architecture Debt (EA Debt). Fram tills idag har skulder för att mäta EA Debt blivit identifierade, men aktuella forskningsprojekt har ännu inte identifierat när en viss EA Debt är hög eller låg. Det finns ett behov av att utveckla en process för att härleda sådana gränsvärden och identifiera dem. För att kunna kommunicera all varlighetsgraden för en EA Debt till intressenter kan gränsvärden för EA Debt spela en viktig roll. Dessa gränsvärden kommer på lång sikt spela en roll när det kommer till att tillhandahålla verktyg för datavetare som arbetar i organisationer som tillämpar EA, och också bidra till aktuell forskning inom IT-förvaltning och EA. Genom att anta en systematisk process för att definiera expertdrivna gränsvärden har en första version av en process för att definiera EA Debt-gränsvärden kunnat presenteras och testas med domän-experter. Fem vanliga uppfattningar, gällande processen, kunde uppräckas bland experterna. Processens skulle också potentiellt kunna främja användbar kommunikation och det ansågs positivt att den belysta och tog hänsyn till kontext gällande EA Debt. Att tydligare processbeskrivning och verklighetstrogna EA-modeller som exempel behövdes samt att momentet där medlemsfunktion skulle väljas var onödigt kom också upp. Vidare så fokuserade studien på drivkrafter för att ta fram gränsvärden för EA Debt och områden där uppfattningen är att detta är viktigt. Kostnad och tid, ansvar och engagemang och kontext är uppfattade som viktiga drivkrafter när det kommer till gränsvärden för EA skuld, medan inriktningen för IT och övrig affärsverksamhet och basdata ses som viktiga områden. Även kontexten kan ha en viktig roll när det kommer till att avgöra vilka områden som är viktiga. Enterprise Architecture Enterprise Architecture Debt Technical Debt Code Smells Enterprise Architecture Smells Thresholds Business-IT alignment Enterprise Architecture (EA) Enterprise Architecture Debt (EA Debt) Teknisk Skuld Code Smells Enterprise Architecture Smells Gränsväden Affär-IT-anpassning Economics and Business Ekonomi och näringsliv Other Engineering and Technologies Annan teknik
150	Naturligt farligt : Hur visualiseringar av klimatförändringar är laddade med tecken och känslor Jägerskog, Mattias January 2010 (has links) <p>The purpose of this thesis was to examine the relationship between feelings and visualizations of climate change. A case study was done on visualizations of climate change from a web page concerning climate change published by the Swedish newspaper <em>Expressen </em>and from the American photographer Gary Braasch’s web page “World view of global warming”. The thesis is based on the article ”Emotional anchoring and objectification in the media reporting on climate change” by Birgitta Höijer. I have been aiming to understand the feelings of fear, hope, guilt, compassion and nostalgia through semiotic theories of icon, index and symbol.</p><p>Previous research has proven the difficulties in bringing the issue of climate change up on the public agenda – which is connected to the difficulties of visualizing climate change. The nature of climate change being slow and hard to spot on an individual level has been highlighted as a cause of both of these difficulties. Pictures and photos have in this thesis been seen as the “interface” between science and the public – and hence <em>decoders</em> of the science of climate change. Höijer’s article about feelings has been used to understand this process of decoding.</p><p>The results show that the analyzed material could be linked to and described by the semiotic theories of icon, index and symbol. The emotional anchoring found in the material and the semiotic application have been shown to work complementarily with each other, leading to a broader understanding of the material’s relationship to social cognitions. The results further demonstrated that context is essential in some of the analyzed visualizations of climate change. Generic pictures found in the material could have been regarded as icon, index or symbol of other messages – but is through its contexts anchored with feelings, and becomes visualizations of climate change. The analysis also suggests that if icons of nature could be connected with feelings – so could nature itself. The consequences are speculated to lead to objectification of nature and ecophobia. By objectifying nature and using generic pictures, the material’s relationship to the concepts of “truth” and “myth” is questioned.</p><p>In conclusion, understanding of the analyzed material is advantageously achieved through complementary use of Höijers emotional categories and the semiotic theories of icon, index and symbol.</p> climate change nature environment climate internet media Expressen Gary Braasch visualization images photographs emotions feelings fear hope guilt compassion nostalgia truth myth semiotics archetypes icons index symbol Höijer iconographic sign interpretant object decoding generic anchoring objectification ecophobia context klimatförändringar natur miljö klimat internet media Expressen Gary Braasch visualisering bilder foton känslor rädsla hopp skuld medlidande nostalgi sanning myt bildsemiotik semiotik urbilder ikon index symbol Höijer ikonologisk ikonografisk preikonografisk tecken interpretant objekt avkodning generiska förankring objektifiering ekofobi kontext Media and communication studies Medie- och kommunikationsvetenskap

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