Global ETD Search

271	Att bygga broar : Hur brobyggare verkar för att stärka tilliten till socialtjänstens barn- och ungdomsvård / Building bridges : How link workers build trust in child protective services Hansson Maleki, Sara, Törngren, Lott January 2023 (has links) Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur brobyggare beskriver sitt arbete med att bygga tillit till socialtjänstens barn- och ungdomsvård (BoU). Brobyggare är personer som har god förankring i det svenska samhället, samtidigt som de delar språk och kulturell bakgrund med en specifik minoritet och som därför kan fungera som en bro mellan minoritetsgruppen och samhällets institutioner. Studiens empiri består av kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer med tolv brobyggare. Materialet har bearbetats med Braun och Clarkes (2006) metod för tematisk analys. Resultatet visar att de föräldrar brobyggarna möter känner sig utpekade av socialtjänsten på grund av sin invandrarbakgrund vilket även förstärker den osäkerhet som många upplever i sitt föräldraskap. Detta, tillsammans med den informationsbrist som råder kring socialtjänstens arbetssätt bidrar till en djupgående rädsla för BoU i brobyggarnas målgrupper. Vidare visar studien att brobyggarnas tillitsskapande arbete möjliggörs av den relation de bygger med sin målgrupp. Relationen byggs delvis med hjälp av en delad kulturell identitet med målgruppen men även genom brobyggarnas flexibilitet att vara där det behövs när det behövs. Med relationen till målgruppen som bas kan brobyggaren bidra till att minska avståndet till socialtjänsten. Ett viktigt verktyg är kulturtolkandet som möjliggör ömsesidig förståelse mellan socialtjänstens personal och målgrupp. / The purpose of this study is to examine how link workers describe their work with building trust in child protective services (CPS). Link workers are persons who are well established within Swedish society while sharing language and cultural background with a specific minority. This enables them to act as a bridge between the minority group and the institutions of society. The study's empirical data consists of qualitative semi-structured interviews with twelve link workers. The data has then been processed using Braun and Clarke's (2006) method for thematic analysis. Our results show that the link workers’ target groups feel particularly singled out by CPS due to their immigrant background, which also reinforces the uncertainty that many experience in their role as parents. Additionally, the lack of information about the working methods of CPS exacerbates the situation further and results in a deep-seated fear of CPS. The study also finds that the link workers' trust-building is made possible by the relationships they build with their target groups. This is facilitated partly through a shared cultural identity but also through the link workers' ability to be flexible with where and when they meet parents. With these relationships as a starting point, the link workers aid in bridging the gap between their target groups and CPS. An important part of this work is intercultural mediation, which enables mutual understanding between social service employees and the target groups. Trust Group-based trust Fear Child protective services Link workers Intercultural mediators SOC (Sense of Coherence) Tillit Gruppbaserad tillit Rädsla Socialtjänstens barn och ungdomsvård Brobyggare Kulturtolk KASAM Social Work Socialt arbete
272	"Men när jag vill ha en medhandläggare då är det knäpptyst." : En kvalitativ studie om socialsekreterares upplevelser och erfarenheter av rasism och utanförskap inom socialtjänsten / "But when I want a co-case worker then it is quiet." : A qualitative study on social workers experiences of racism and exclusion within social services Mudaeva, Amina, Naeem, Abida January 2023 (has links) Abstract The aim of our study is to gain a deeper understanding of the experiences of racismand exclusion that social workers with a foreign background may experience withinsocial services in Swedish municipalities. The focus will also be on the preventiveactions and solutions which social workers wish to be implemented in order totackle racism and exclusion. Our purpose is to contribute with deeper understandinginto how and which changes are desired for a safer and more welcoming workplace.Our questions for this study are the following: What experiences of racism andexclusion do social workers with a foreign background have in the social services?andWhat measures and solutions do social workers with a foreign background want toprevent the occurrence of racism and exclusion in their workplaces?To fulfill the purpose of our study, we used Goffman's theory of stigma, shame andthe concept of exclusion. We also used previous scientific research, both nationaland international. We interviewed eight social workers with foreign backgroundswithin the social services in Swedish municipalities. The eight interviews werequalitative semi-structured interviews which were later analyzed using qualitativecontent analysis.The results of this qualitative study were surprising as racism and exclusion seemsto be common problems in most of the workplaces. Racism and exclusion have hadnegative health effects for the social workers interviewed. There was a desire formore active and continuous work against racism and exclusion among theparticipants. Social Sciences Samhällsvetenskap Social Work Socialt arbete
273	The Price of Fear : Estimating the economic effect of fear of crimeusing sold apartments in Stockholm, Sweden Erik, Nytell January 2022 (has links) Fear of crime may differ between areas, even if levels of crime do not differ. Policymakers and companies should be interested in how much economical values individuals put on their emotions. No previous paper has tried to estimate the economic consequences of the kind of fear of crime that does not stem from an increase in crime. Through a hedonic fixed effect-approach and a unique data set, I close this gap by estimating the willingness to pay to avoid that fear. As the outcome variable, I use sold apartments in Stockholm municipality in the years 2017 and 2020. I find suggestive evidence of small to moderate effect of fear of crime on housing prices, even after controlling for crime levels, with an elasticity of -2% to -6%. The results are robust throughout different robustness tests. These findings may help politicians in their cost-benefit analyses when planning safety-increasing projects. Hedonic pricing model fixed effects crime fear of crime emotions heuristics cognitive bias behavioral economics housing prices Stockholm Sweden Hedonisk modell fixa effekter brott rädsla för brott ekonomiska konsekvenser bostadspriser irrationellt tänkande beteendeekonomi Stockholm Sverige Economics Nationalekonomi
274	Nyckeln bakom trygga bostadsområden: Samarbetet mellan fastighetsägare och hyresgäster för ökad trygghet / The Key Behind Safe Residential Areas: Collaboration Between Property Owners and Tenants for Increased Security Viberg, Hanna, Husseini, Jasmine January 2024 (has links) Med tanke på den ökande oron som finns kring brottslighet och otrygghet är det viktigt att reflektera över vilka som bär ansvaret för att främja den kollektiva tryggheten. Tidigare forskning visar bland annat att brottslighet eller rädslan för att brott ska inträffa påverkar grannskapet och den psykiska hälsan på ett negativt sätt. Forskning visar även att genom samverkan mellan olika aktörer såsom polis, fastighetsägare och allmänhet, kan trygghetssatsningar bidra till ökad upplevd trygghet. Denna studie ämnar bidra till forskningen om hur fastighetsägaren, tillsammans med hyresgästernas engagemang, kan påverka den positiva utvecklingen i ett bostadsområde och bidra till ett tryggare samhälle för bostadshyresgäster. Studien har en kvalitativ ansats och har kombinerat en fallstudie i Södra Sofielund/Seved med semistrukturerade intervjuer med nyckelpersoner inom fastighetsbranschen i aktuellt område. Syftet med studien är att undersöka på vilket sätt fastighetsägare samarbetar med hyresgäster i ett bostadsområde för att öka den upplevda tryggheten. Resultatet visade att respondenterna har olika syn på hur mycket hyresgästerna kan involveras i trygghetsarbetet. Dock är majoriteten av respondenterna överens om att det behövs engagemang och trygghetsinsatser för att skapa sammanhållning och möjligheter för sociala interaktioner i området. För att möjliggöra för dessa insatser behövs dessutom samverkan, inte bara med de boende, utan med olika samhällsaktörer för att bekämpa effekterna av rädslan för brott. / Considering the increasing concern surrounding crime and insecurity, it is important to reflect on who bears responsibility for promoting collective security. Previous research indicates, among other things, that crime or the fear of crime negatively impacts neighborhoods and mental health. Research also shows that through collaboration among various societal stakeholders, including the police, property owners and the public, security initiatives can contribute to an increased sense of security. This study aims to contribute to the research on how property owners, together with the engagement of tenants, can influence the positive development in a residential area and contribute to a safer society for residential tenants. The study has a qualitative approach and has combined a case study in Södra Sofielund/Seved with semi-structured interviews with key figures in the real estate industry in the relevant area. The purpose of the study is to examine how property owners collaborate with tenants in a residential area to enhance perceived security. The results indicate that respondents have different views on the extent to which tenants can be involved in security work. However, the majority of respondents agree that involvement and security efforts are needed to create a sense of community and opportunities for social interactions in the area. Furthermore, to enable these efforts, collaboration is required not only with residents but also with various societal actors to combat the effects of the fear of crime. Property owner tenant security social integration neighbour relationships fear of crime collective efficacy Fastighetsägare hyresgäst trygghet social integration grannrelationer rädsla för brott kollektiv effektivitet Övrig annan samhällsvetenskap
275	Fear of Receiving Compassion as a Moderator of the Association Between Self- Compassion and Psychological Distress Among Women With Breast Cancer Ismail, Allen, Gustafsson, Maria January 2024 (has links) Background: Breast cancer (BC), the most common cancer affecting women, has consequences on physical and psychological health. Recent studies highlighted selfcompassions’-, and fear of receiving compassion's protective respectively detrimental effects on psychological health. This study explored the moderating role of fear of receiving compassion from others on the associations between self-compassion and psychological distress. Methods: Participants were 78 Portuguese women with non-metastatic BC. Participants completed self-report measures of self-compassion, fear of receiving compassion from others, and psychological distress. Moderation analyzes through PROCESS Macro in SPSS was conducted. Results: Fear of receiving compassion from others moderated the association between self-compassion and depressive symptoms. At moderate and high levels of the moderator, the association was significant, at low levels the association was nonsignificant. The associations of self-compassion with anxiety, and with stress were not moderated by fear of receiving compassion from others. Conclusions: To our knowledge this study is solitary in examining fear of receiving compassion from others as moderator of the associations between self-compassion and psychological distress. This study contributes to increased understanding of psychological distress among women with BC. The findings should direct future research towards longitudinal, intervention-based studies, targeting fear of receiving compassion, and self-compassion, through compassion-focused therapies. / Bakgrund: Bröstcancer (BC), den vanligaste cancerformen hos kvinnor, har konsekvenser för fysisk och psykologisk hälsa. Tidigare studier har belyst självmedkänsla och rädsla för att ta emot medkänslas skyddande, respektive skadliga effekter på psykologisk hälsa. Den här studien undersökte den modererande rollen av rädsla för att ta emot medkänsla från andra på sambandet mellan självmedkänsla och psykologiska besvär. Metod: Deltagarna var 78 portugisiska kvinnor med icke-metastaserad BC. Deltagarna genomförde självskattningar avseende självmedkänsla, rädsla för att ta emot medkänsla från andra och psykologiska besvär. Moderationsanalyser genomfördes i PROCESS Macro i SPSS. Resultat: Rädsla för att ta emot medkänsla från andra modererade sambandet mellan självmedkänsla och depressiva symtom. Vid moderata och höga nivåer av moderatorn var associationen signifikant, vid låga nivåer var associationen inte signifikant. Associationerna mellan självmedkänsla och ångest eller stress modererades inte av rädsla för att ta emot medkänsla från andra. Slutsatser: Såvitt vi vet är denna studie ensam att undersöka rädsla för att ta emot medkänsla från andra som moderator på sambandet mellan självmedkänsla och psykologiska besvär. Denna studie bidrar till ökad förståelse för psykologiska besvär hos kvinnor med BC. Resultaten bör rikta framtida forskning mot longitudinella, interventionsbaserade studier, inriktade på rädsla för att ta emot medkänsla och självmedkänsla genom compassionfokuserade terapier. Anxiety breast cancer depressive symptoms fear of receiving compassion from others psycho-oncology self-compassion stress Depressiva symtom bröstcancer psyko-onkologi rädsla för medkänsla från andra självmedkänsla stress ångest Psychology Psykologi
276	An investigation of circumstances surrounding prosthetic users’ fall and fear of falling : A Cross-Sectional Survey Dyekær Nielsen, Jens, Overgaard Dich, Sara January 2022 (has links) SummaryBackground Prosthetic users face significant challenges both physically and psychologically. Falling poses a significant risk for the individual, and a consequence of this is gaining a fear of falling and self-imposed restrictions. These consequences can have a major impact on the individuals’ health and quality of life. However, the research in this area is limited. Objectives This study aims to investigate prosthetic users’ fear of falling and the circumstances surrounding falls among individuals with a lower-limb amputation in England and Sweden. Method In April 2022 a cross-sectional survey was conducted in England and Sweden. 11 participants were recruited. The survey was aimed at the population of lower-limb amputated individuals at the age of 18 or above in the two countries. The survey consists of 111 items with mostly closed-ended questions. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used for the analysis of the data. Results The study showed that 8 (72.7%) out of 11 participants had not experienced a fall within the last 30 days and the most common frequency of falls was every six months (54,5%). 2 (18.2%) participants had a fall once every three months which was the highest frequency of falls reported in the survey. This is seen as low frequency, however, 7 (63,3%) out of 11 participants had a fear of falling. A correlation between Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I), Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC) and Gait-Specific Attentional Profile instruments (G-SAP) was performed using a Pearson’s product-moment correlation which showed there was a strong relationship between the three instruments. The correlation between the FES-I and G-SAP is 0,800, FES-I and ABC are -,853 and the correlation between ABC and G-SAP is -, 821. Conclusion A strong relationship was found between the Falls Efficacy Scale-International, Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale and the Gait-Specific Attentional Profile. Regardless of having fallen within the past 30 days, a high concern of fear of falling was found, and the most common reason for falls was uneven surfaces such as gardens. / Bakgrund Protesanvändare står inför många tuffa utmaningar dagligen, beroende på såväl fysiska som psykiska faktorer. Det finns en överhängande risk att ramla för individen, en konsekvens av detta är att drabbas av fallrädsla och sedermera individutvecklade hinder i vardagen. Dessa konsekvenser och hinder kan ha stor inverkan på individens hälsa och livskvalitet. Forskningen på detta område är dock begränsad. Mål Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka protesanvändares rädsla för att ramla, samt omständigheterna kring varför man ramlar, hos individer med underbensamputation i England och Sverige. Metod Under april 2022 genomfördes en tvärsnittsundersökning i England och Sverige. 11 deltagare rekryterades. Undersökningen riktade sig till individer i England och Sverige som genomgått amputation av nedre extremitet och var minst 18 år. Enkäten bestod av 111 frågor med till största delen slutna frågor. Beskrivande och inferentiella statistikmetoder användes för analys av data. Resultat Studien visade att 8 st (72,7%) av de 11 deltagarna inte hade upplevt ett fall de senaste 30 dagarna och att den vanligaste fallfrekvensen var ett fall var sjätte månad (54,5%). Två (18,2%) deltagare angav fallolyckor en gång var tredje månad, vilket var den högsta fallfrekvensen som rapporterades i undersökningen. Detta ses som en låg frekvens, men 7 st (63,3%) av de 11 deltagarna upplevde en rädsla för att ramla. En korrelationsanalys mellan Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I), Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC) och Gait-Specific Attentional Profile (G-SAP) utfördes med hjälp av Pearsons produkt-moment korrelationskoefficient, som visade att det fanns ett starkt samband mellan de treinstrumenten. Korrelationen mellan FES-I och G-SAP var 0,800, mellan FES-I och ABC var det -,853 och mellan ABC och G-SAP var det -,821. Slutsats Ett starkt samband hittades mellan Falls Efficacy Scale-International, Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale, och Gait-Specific Attentional Profile instrumenten. Oavsett om deltagarna hade ramlat under de senaste 30 dagarna, konstaterades en stor oro för att ramla, och den vanligaste fallorsaken var ojämna ytor såsom i trädgårdar. Gait-Specific Attentional Profile Medical and Health Sciences Medicin och hälsovetenskap
277	En kartläggning av otrygga offentliga rum : en kvalitativ fallstudie i del av Bro, Upplands-Bro kommun (Stockholms län) Flemström, Ulrica January 2021 (has links) Bro is an urban area located in Upplands-Bro municipality, Stockholm County. In 2020, the Stockholm Police conducted a security survey for all municipalities included in the Stockholm police region. The results of the survey for Upplands-Bro municipality show that many residents feel insecure about the risk of being exposed to crime. The residents experience that the feeling of insecurity is at its highest in Bro. The thesis is limited to investigating this in nine public spaces in central Bro. The purpose is to investigate whether previously crime-prone public spaces in built-up environments can evoke experiences of insecurity in people, despite their unawareness that they are old crime scenes. If people experience insecurity, the thesis aims to investigate which crime prevention measures can be applied in the design of public spaces to increase their security experiences there. In the essay, the student is named as the "investigator". The approach to the thesis applies several different methods. A safety survey is the thesis' main method, while a safety walk (method combination) is the secondary one. Initially, site analyzes are used as feasibility studies to carry out several site visits in the nine public spaces. (1) The first site visit is made to get to know the existing conditions of the sites and to create an overall picture. At the same time, the places are photographed in daylight. (2) Site visit no. 2 is made to photograph the sites in the evening darkness. (3) During the third site visit, the investigator conducts a safety walk, where a focus group of eight members (excluding the investigator) consisting of residents in Bro, is invited for interviews in the field. The intention with this is to take part in their experiences if the places feel unsafe and if there is a need for crime prevention measures to achieve increased security. (4) Site visit no. 4 is made to study in detail the spatial properties of the sites on the basis that the focus group has identified “insecurity problems” that are most in need of crime prevention measures for increased security. The crime prevention measures in the thesis include: (1) increased care of the outdoor environment, cutting shrubs and trees, (2) repairing broken materials, repainting, (3) removal of damage, graffiti and debris, (4) increased lighting, (5) to open up the site, remove dark spaces/hiding places, (6) increase the view of the site from buildings or through direct human supervision, (7) to add electrical safety systems such as camera surveillance/alarm/gate code or fences around the site. A safety survey is conducted with the intention of reaching out to all residents in the urban area of Bro. The survey mainly asks questions about: (1) how they experience security at the nine sites and (2) whether the sites need to be changed for increased security there, which creates a need for crime prevention measures. The questionnaire is sent out in collaboration with Upplands-Bro municipality's Street / Park / Traffic department and 247 locals answer the questionnaire. However, the response rate does not correspond to all of Bros' urban residents, which the investigator is aware of. To include all residents, the investigator has not requested biological sex or age in all methods. Thus, the investigator has disregarded what a possible distribution of answers between women and men or different age groups can look like. The answers from the safety walk and the survey are analyzed through qualitative content analysis. The method results are made visible in the form of photographs and diagrams with accompanying descriptive text about the results with the highest percentage that are perceived to be most prominent. The results are then visualized in an insecurity map, a form of heat map. The insecurity map is compared with the crime scene map to see if there is a connection between “unsafe places” and “previous crime scenes” in a combined map. In the analysis, the survey results are interpreted through the thesis' theoretical perspective and validated against the outcome of the safety walk. Based on the analysis, the investigator reads out what crime prevention measures residents point out to achieve increased security in the "unsafe places". Then the results are discussed and how they fulfill the purpose of the essay and answer the problem formulation and the questions. Finally, conclusions and recommendations for future studies are presented. Crime prevention measures fear of crime increased security perceived insecurity public space designs the urban area of Bro Upplands-Bro municipality Brottsförebyggande åtgärder offentliga rums utformningar rädsla för brott tätorten Bro Upplands-Bro kommun upplevd otrygghet ökad trygghet Övrig annan samhällsvetenskap Human Geography Kulturgeografi
278	Grindsamhällen : Är det något att utveckla inom den svenska stadsplaneringen? / Gated communities : Is it something to develop in the Swedish urban planning? Gliori, Gabriel January 2018 (has links) Grindsamhällen, eller "gated communities" som är en välanvänd term även i Sverige, är något som fått en kraftigt ökad popularitet runtom i världen. Den största tillväxten av denna boendeform kan vi framförallt se i USA, men även Latin- och Sydamerika samt Sydafrika. Vad är då ett grindsamhälle? Definitionen av ordet skulle kunna beskrivas som ett inhägnat område med bostäder, med säkerhetsåtgärder såsom murar, staket och bevakade grindar, vilka syftar till att hålla utomstående människor borta från området. Denna boendeform har mött stark kritik och flera forskare menar att dessa områden leder till en ökad segregation. Så vilka orsaker anses då ligga bakom denna kraftiga ökning i efterfrågan på grindsamhällen? Den absolut största anledningen anses vara att man upplever en ökad rädsla att utsättas för brott och därför söker en trygghet bakom grindarna. En aspekt som var intressant att undersöka var hur effektiva grindsamhällen är på att ge sina invånare vad de eftersträvar. Vissa studier visar att kriminaliteten till och med kan vara högre i ett grindsamhälle jämfört med utanför. Uppsatsen mynnar ut i hur förutsättningarna ser ut för etablering av grindsamhällen i Sverige. Undersökningar visar att efterfrågan på grindsamhällen i Sverige är stor, men det finns även hinder, som exempelvis allemansrätten, vilken komplicerar byggandet av staket. Denna motkraft anses dock inte vara tillräcklig och utvecklingen mot en framtid med grindsamhällen i Sverige kommer till slut att vara omöjlig att stoppa. Det övergripande syftet med arbetet har i första hand varit att ta reda på mer om fenomenet grindsamhällen, för att sedan sätta det i en svensk kontext. Metoden för att åstadkomma detta har till stor del bestått av en litteratursökning, där urvalet gjordes genom att endast studera litteratur som var relevant för frågeställningarna, samt att sålla bort litteratur som var allt för platsspecifik eller som inte hade ett neutralt förhållningssätt till ämnet. / Gated communities is a phenomenon that has seen a big increase in popularity all around the world last years. The largest growth can be seen primarily in the United States, but also in Latin- and South America as well as South Africa. So what is a gated community? The definition of the word could be described as a gated residential area, which has security measures such as walls, fences and guarded gates, which intend to keep nonresidents away from the neighborhood. This form of living has faced massive criticism, and several researchers argue that these types of neighborhoods lead to an increased segregation. So what are the underlying causes behind this steep increase in demand of gated communities? What has been regarded as the absolutely biggest reason is an increased fear of being subject to crime and the search for security behind the gates. An interesting aspect is to study how effective a gated community is to actually help its residents achieve what they are searching for. Some studies show that the crime rate may actually be higher inside a gated community compared to the outside. The essay comes down to how well the conditions for establishment of gated communities in Sweden are. Studies show that the demand for gated communities in Sweden is high, but there are some obstacles, for example the "Right of Public Access", which complicates the building of fences. However, this is considered to be insufficient and the development towards a future with gated communities in Sweden will ultimately be impossible to stop. The overall purpose of this thesis has been to find out more about the phenomenon gated communities and to put it in a Swedish context. The method for accomplishing this has mainly consisted of a literature search, where the selection was made by only studying literature relevant to the research questions, as well as not studying literature which was far too site-specific or that did not have a neutral approach to the subject. gated community gated neighborhood security segregation perception of safety sense of community fear crime rate USA Sweden Victoria Park Poppel Park gated community grindsamhälle grindstad säkerhet segregation trygghet gemenskap rädsla brottsnivå USA Sverige Victoria Park Poppel Park Strandudden Other Civil Engineering Annan samhällsbyggnadsteknik
279	Barnmorskors erfarenheter av metoden Föda Utan Rädsla under förlossning : En kvalitativ intervjustudie / Midwives' experiences of the Confident Birth method during childbirth : A qualitative interview study Wallentin, Malin, Jessica, Revesz January 2024 (has links) Bakgrund: Barnmorskan ska arbeta utefter evidens och beprövad erfarenhet. Föda Utan Rädsla är en metod som bygger på beprövad erfarenhet och har införts inom mödrahälsovården och förlossningskliniker i Sverige för att få kvinnan att känna sig trygg under förlossningen. Föda Utan Rädsla har införts i mödrahälsovården och på förlossningskliniker utan vetenskaplig utvärdering av metoden.Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva barnmorskors erfarenheter av metoden Föda Utan Rädsla under förlossningen.Metod: En kvalitativ design med induktiv ansats valdes. Tio barnmorskor intervjuades. Det manifesta innehållet analyserades med en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Analysen genererade fyra kategorier Att närvara, Att medverka, Att möjliggöra samt Att skapa trygghet. Att närvara handlade om att barnmorskorna ansåg att närvaro och tillgänglighet var viktigt men även att vara lyhörd inför parens förutsättningar. Att medverka bestod i att barnmorskan samverkade med paret och partnern blev delaktig. Att möjliggöra innebar att metoden medförde ett strukturerat arbetssätt. För att möjliggöra användandet behövdes regelbundna utbildningstillfällen och tillämpas vid rätt tidpunkt. Att skapa trygghet innebar att Föda Utan Rädsla var ett tryggt och naturligt arbetssätt. Metoden fungerade som ett tryggt bemötande och förhållningssätt som bidrog till helheten av förlossningen. Slutsats: Föda Utan Rädsla skulle kunna bidra till en positiv förlossningsupplevelse vilket är målet med förlossningsvården. Föda Utan Rädsla kan även bidra till ökad delaktighet hos partnern. Med Föda Utan Rädsla möjliggörs ökad närvaro på rummet. Barnmorskorna lade inte stor vikt vid alla verktygen i Föda Utan Rädsla, utan metoden sågs mer som ett förhållningssätt och inte som någon ny kunskap. / Background: The midwife must work according to evidence and experience. Confident Birth Method is a method built on experience, to make the woman feel safe during childbirth. Confident Birth Method has been introduced in maternal health care and in maternity wards, without scientifically evaluation of the method.Aim: The aim was to describe midwives' experiences of the Confident Birth Method during childbirth.Method: A qualitative design with an inductive approach was chosen. Ten midwives were interviewed. The manifest content was analyzed using a qualitative content analysis.Findings: The analysis generated four categories To be present, To participate, To enable and To create security. To be present meant that the midwives considered presence and availability to be important, but also being sensitive to the couples' circumstances. To Participate consisted of the midwife´s collaboration with the couple and the partner became more involved. To Enable meant that the method entailed a structured way of working. To enable its use, regular training sessions were needed and applying the method at the right time. Creating security meant that the Confident Birth Method was a safe and natural way of working. The method functioned as an approach that contributed to the entirety of the birth.Conclusion: The Confident Birth Method could contribute to a positive birth experience, which is the goal of maternity care. The Confident Birth Method can also contribute to increased participation by the partner. With The Confident Birth Method, increased presence in the room is enabled. The midwives did not attach great importance to all the tools in The Confident Birth Method, the method was seen more as an approach and not as any new knowledge Confident birth method Experience Partners role Presence Erfarenheter Föda Utan Rädsla Närvaro Partnerns roll Övrig annan medicin och hälsovetenskap Other Health Sciences Annan hälsovetenskap Nursing Omvårdnad
280	The Leadership Perspective of Promoting Creativity and Innovation : A case study of an R&D organization Bolanowski, Daniel January 2008 (has links) <p>This paper focuses on leadership problems and possibilities regarding creativity in a specific R&D organization. This is done with the help of a model consisting of four domains of special interest for R&D leaders. A survey in the form of personal interviews was conducted with leaders and staff members of two R&D sections in the organization. The analysis pointed towards problems on work load and stress issues. Furthermore the organizational structure of the two sections provided a discussion on optimal structural build‐up in order to maximize creativity. Trust issues arose because of the apparent use of control by upper management as described by lower level leaders and the employees. Indications showed that the trust issues put up obstacles for learning and dealing with failure. On the other hand the relationships between section management and staff were perceived as good. Also the ground works of a good creative work was laid with the trusting relationships between fellow professionals within the group.</p> Leadership innovation relationship connection connectivity failure organization structure manager staff engineer domain creativity matrix project responsibilities reporting evaluation feedback rules corporate governance international fear, R&D research development trust work load pace productivity Ledarskap innovation kreativitet F&U forskning utveckling tillit förtroende arbetsbörda produktivitet relation kontakt misslyckande rädsla organisation struktur chef ledare personal. ingenjör domän matris projekt ansvar raportering utvärdering feedback regler företagsledning internationell Business studies Företagsekonomi

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