251 |
地上權之財產權界定及消滅後地上物清理之法律經濟分析巫智豪 Unknown Date (has links)
在二十世紀七十年代開始,以Richard A. Posner為首,以寇斯定理為主的財產權理論,開展出「法律經濟分析」這一學術思潮,以經濟學觀點,來審視法律制度之良窳。而在九十年代,寇斯獲得諾貝爾獎後,更奠定了經濟學與法學間科際整合之相容性及必要性。然而,在台灣,由於深受德國法律文化之影響,以及近來政治社會的影響,經濟效率永遠無法與公平正義相提並論,而犧牲了法律經濟分析在台灣成長的契機,實為可惜,故本文嘗試以法律經濟分析之核心——寇斯定理來闡述法律制度,希望能多少引導有志之士踏入此門學術領域。
以交易成本為中心之寇斯定理所衍生之財產權理論,乃以人是理性自利為假設前提,而追求整體社會的最大產出,也就是以整體社會產值極大化的角度來看產權界定、保障,故本文乃以此種概念,對民法地上權章相關問題作以下之法律經濟分析:(1)以寇斯定理分析地上權之所以形成、其必要性及產權界定之問題,探討其制度形成之背景及經濟目的,並以交易成本來分析民法地上權章之規定所能達到的效率層面為何;(2)探討地上權法律設計如何保障財產權,研究焦點放在民法第八百三十九、八百四十條以及修正草案對於地上權消滅後地上物處理之規定,應用Calabresi與Melamed所提出之三個基本的財產權保障法則,分析地上權消滅後,地上物之處理,所採取之保障法則為何,及所導致之經濟效果來判斷法律制度設計之良窳。
本研究認為,地上權制度由於因物權法定主義之特性,使得該制度之設立得以省下搜尋及資訊成本,而突顯其必要性,但仍必須與因物權態樣之僵化程度相衡量;而對於地上權消滅後地上物之處理,本文認為設計上忽略了工作物及竹木經濟特性之不同,而予以分別討論。在分析中,發現當工作物具公共財性質時,不管以財產法則或責任法則,都無法解決效率及財產權保障問題,此乃當初財產權界定有誤,必須以特別法或特別規定排除;而關於建築物於消滅後之處理,法律設計上形成了二回合的責任法則,依Ayres及Balkin之觀點,此將會誘導雙方透露出私人訊息,而為法院判斷其真實價格而作為補償額之有效依據,並在第二回合責任法則結束時,以財產法則遏止無效率的相互侵奪繼續下去,因此,民法第八百四十條第一項及第二項之規定,符合了此種觀點,而能達到效率,並符合立法意旨。
|
252 |
企業社會績效與企業價值的關連性 / The linkage between corporate social performance and firm value王嘉宏, Wang, Chia Hong Unknown Date (has links)
企業社會績效(Corporate Social Performance; CSP)和企業財務績效(Corporate Financial Performance; CFP)的關聯性是近年來在學術界最常被討論的一個議題,從企業經營的觀點,到底企業進行企業社會責任(Corporate Social Responsibility; CSR)所表現出來的企業社會績效能不能帶動企業財務績效的提升最後創造企業價值(Firm Value; FV),則是許多企業經營者所關心的。本文試圖研究企業社會績效和企業價值的關聯,希望藉由全盤的分析,從企業社會績效對企業財務績效的因果關係,和企業社會績效透過何種管道提升企業價值,以及企業到底該如何看待企業社會責任這幾個面向,去探討企業社會績效和企業價值的關係。希望能夠將學理上的理論和實務面的思考進行結合。
本研究利用Tobin’ q拆解的方式分析可能的假說,接著採取迴歸模型進行實證分析,之後進一步利用兩階段迴歸模型排除可能的內生性問題,最後得到以下的實證結果:企業社會績效能夠提升企業財務績效最後創造企業價值,而企業社會責任是一種策略性的思維,是一種價值維護甚至是創造的手段,財務績效好的公司會更有能耐去利用企業社會責任做為差異化的策略。從以上發現,本研究實證結果支持企業社會責任對於企業經營與企業價值創造有正面的效益,換言之,企業社會績效的提升對企業價值的創造是正面的。 / The relationship between corporate social performance (CSP) and corporate financial performance (CFP) is the most popular issue for the past few years. From the perspective of business administration, there is always a question aroused. “As a company investment, is it really make sense to invest corporate social responsibility (CSR) in order to increase the CSP?” In other words, is higher CSP really means higher CFP and creating more firm value? This is the central question that all the business manager will like to know. This is the topic that this research paper wants to study. Besides, this research paper not only try to understand the linkage between CSP and CFP but also try to clarify how CSP affect CFP and create firm value.
The methodology be used in this study is the decomposition of Tobin’s q and two-stage regression in order to avoid potential endogenous problem. After several empirical tests for the potential hypothesis, the empirical evidence shows that a higher CSP can increase CFP and create firm value in the end. Furthermore, the investment of CSR is a strategic thinking for company to preserve their firm value and create new value of the firm. The linkage between CSP and firm value is positive and should be consider as a strategy for company who want value creation.
|
253 |
新聞自由論述在台灣(1945-1987) / Discourse on freedom of the press in Taiwan, 1945-1987楊秀菁, Yang, Hsiu Chin Unknown Date (has links)
本論文的時間斷限為1945至1987年,研究的重心主要集中在台灣傳播學界的新聞自由論述,並希望透過比較的方式,與當時英美各國的新聞自由論述相對照,以瞭解台灣新聞自由發展的特殊、扭曲與不足之處。本論文除緒論、結論外,共有六章,就內容而言,可分為三大區塊。第一區塊為第一、二章,主要探討國際社會對新聞自由的見解。第二區塊為第三章,主要探討戒嚴時期台灣的憲法學如何界定新聞自由。第三區塊為第四至六章,亦是本論文的主軸,主要探討戒嚴時期傳播學界所建構的新聞自由。
整體來看,歐美社會,尤其是美國新聞自由的最新進展,包括:1956年美國新聞界要求政府公開資訊、減少新聞封鎖、同年美國國內所發生,記者赴中國採訪權的爭議,以及1971年美國報紙刊載「越戰報告書」所引發新聞自由與國家安全的爭議等,大都能即時的傳入台灣社會。然而,關己則亂。戒嚴時期傳播學界面對台灣新聞自由受到種種限制的實況,基本上採取相對消極,甚至是迴避的態度。傳播學界一方面忽視政府對新聞自由的限制,一方面則將火力集中於媒體「責任」。
從「社會責任論」在台灣的發展觀之,引介人謝然之、胡傳厚與國民黨皆有深厚關係。而後續台灣自律組織的建立、相關會議所提出的社會新聞改進之道,亦與國民黨脫不了干係。對政府的態度,為自由主義與社會責任論者之間最重要的差異。然而,從相關的著作可看出,西方社會責任論的主催者,對於政府能否涉入,能介入多深仍存有許多疑慮。從自由主義到社會責任論,要求政府不要插足新聞事業的聲音一直存在。1950年的「歐洲人權公約」更特別明言「不受公部門干預」的表現自由。然而,在戒嚴時期台灣的傳播學界,拒絕政府干涉的聲音卻十分微弱。甚至在反共復國的重責大任下,新聞自由被降級到「法律保障」的層級,連僅存的社會新聞報導空間,亦與「國家利益」牽扯在一起。新聞事業被賦予超出歐美報人所謂的社會責任,進而需要「犧牲本身的自由和權利,以貢獻於國家民族」。
就結果來看,由國民黨主導的自律組織,以及社會新聞改進之路,在新聞界聘任與其立場相近的評議委員,與消極的不作為下,並沒有發揮國民黨所期待的效用。透過一些文章,我們可以發現,戒嚴時期台灣的傳播學界對其所屬的環境、新聞自由所受的限制是有一定的認識的。但在反共復國的大旗下,大都只能點到為止,或轉而要求新聞界必須瞭解國家正處於生死存亡之間。這樣的氣氛一直要到1980年代才有比較明顯的轉變。
|
254 |
教師之倫理規範及懲戒制度之研究 / Teachers code of ethics and disciplinary system江梅菁 Unknown Date (has links)
本文在探討教師之倫理規範及懲戒制度,首從教師本質談起,研究教師法律地位及權利義務,並從實務案例歸納不適任教師之定義,進而分析比較國內外教師倫理規範,最末,探討教師責任、懲處及救濟制度。內容涵括:1.教師之本質:從教師職業之演變瞭解教師專業化之歷程,並探討教師之法律地位,瞭解教師身分是否為勞工或公務員;進而從學理及實務面向探討教師與學校之法律關係,最末,探討教師之權利與義務。2.教師適任性:除比較國內外教師資格取得方式及從法令規範探討不適任教師類型外,進而從實務案例探究我國不適任教師認定標準,以行為不檢有損師道及教學不力或不能勝任工作為主要類型;最末討論教師評鑑制度及現況。3.教師倫理:探討教師專業倫理之意涵,並瞭解各國教師倫理守則及我國教師倫理規範之現況,繼而分析比較及提出我國教師倫理之未來方向。4.教師懲處與責任:探討教師懲處之事由、程序及停聘、解聘、不續聘種類及性質,再從教師行為探究刑事責任、民事責任及行政責任。5.教師職業之權利救濟:探討申訴、訴願、行政訴訟等救濟制度之關係,並提出改革建議。
|
255 |
從刑事責任觀點論著作權保護範圍 / Copyright Infringement in Perspective of Criminal Liability張采琳, Chang, Cai Lin Unknown Date (has links)
著作權法第1條:「為保障著作人著作權益,調和社會公共利益,促進國家文化發展,特制定本法。」說明了著作權法的目的同時兼具保障著作權人權利、公共利益以及促進國家文化發展。為了達成著作權的目的,明文刑事責任於規範中。刑事責任置於著作權領域是否妥適,至今為止不僅學說上,在社會上均引起廣泛的討論,特別是我國這十年來發生了許多相關爭議性的事件。這樣的問題不禁使人反覆思考,著作權的保護範圍到底為何?以刑罰保護著作權的妥適性?
本文從著作權的基礎思維出發,探討著作權法中公共領域、利用人權利與合理使用概念,進而分析著作權背後所代表的法律意義。著作權是否得以做為刑法上所保護的利益,必須端視著作權的本質為何。本文嘗試討論著作權作為財產權,從刑法的角度,以「家族相似性( Familienähnli-chkeit)」的概念就著作權本身資訊的特性下,討論著作財產權法益的存在與否。
美國法作為世界著作權法的領導先驅,深深地影響我國學說見解與實務操作。透過比較美國著作權法之規範,省思我國社會現況是否有必要制定如此嚴格之刑罰規定;從經濟分析的角度思考,對於著作權刑罰威嚇作用的成果效益效果是有限度的,然而著作權政策以及刑法的長期效益所帶來的成本卻是很高的。著作權刑罰所需的成本高於其所獲得的效益,以致於立法者將著作權侵權行為視為犯罪並無法有效率地保護著作權人或公眾長期的著作權利益。
本文設計一賽局,分析在侵害人選擇侵害著作權的策略時,即使政府選擇執行刑事處罰反而比起不執行所付出的成本為高,在這樣的情形下,政府不執行刑事處罰的策略才是最佳策略的選擇。法律使用刑罰保護大家共同認可、接受的利益,前提是人類的社會共同生活秩序在我們的社會共識必須認同這樣的規範,透過觀察實務案例與統計分析,可以發現我國實務在著作權重製認定或是在刑度裁量上都出現很大之問題,同時也出現許多著作權人濫用刑事程序之情形。
綜上所述,我國的著作權刑事立法確實有值得探討的空間,需要再加以審慎考量。本文認為,應該廢除著作權刑事處罰的刑罰規定,讓著作權刑事處罰行為回歸民事的侵權行為,由著作權人向侵權行為人請求損害賠償。借鏡專利法廢除刑罰規定的經驗,讓著作權回歸其本質,以民事損害賠償填補著作權人之損失即為已足。 / Copyright Law Article 1: ” This Act is specifically enacted for the purposes of protecting the rights and interests of authors with respect to their works, balancing different interests for the common good of society, and promoting the development of national culture. Matters not provided for herein shall be governed by the provisions of other acts.” It illustrates that the purpose of copyright law combines both the right of copyright owner and public interest. In order to achieve this goal, criminal liability is included. However, there are controversies of criminal liability in copyright law, especially lots of copyright social events happened in the past few years. This leads to questions: Is it right to protect copyright through criminal punishment?
In this thesis, I intend to use the concept of Familienähnli-chkeit (Legal Interest) to analyze legal interest of copyright. Economic analysis of law applies the economic cost theory to the analysis of copyright rules and utility. Game theory analysis of law seeks primarily to explain how people behave in response to legal rules and institutions. The prior discussion identifies the protection of copyright through criminal punishment is relatively useless. On the other hand, as a leading country of copyright legislation and academic discussion, Copyright Law comparison between United States and Taiwan is helpful for rethinking Taiwan Copyright Law. Last but not the least, the observation of judicial practice matters is also important. I researched the related cases and made statistics in order to reveal the real aspect of Taiwan judicial practice.
Based on the above, this thesis identifies the problems of criminal punishment of Taiwan Copyright Law. An overview of copyright criminal norm is given for this purpose. I then reflect on Taiwan’s current copyright criminal punishment, with particular emphasis on preeminent aspects of the elements which mentioned above that may be used as references for the future development of Taiwan Copyright Law.
|
256 |
證明度之研究 / The Standard Of Proof賴映淳, Lai, Ying Chun Unknown Date (has links)
證明度係法院認定事實之標準,其為法院獲得確信心證所必須跨越之最低心證限度。由此觀之,證明度係法院審判過程中,心證活動之重心之一,其亦與當事人間之舉證活動密不可分。關於此議題,分別屬於英美法系與大陸法系之不同國家間,因其各自有其不同之訴訟構造與制度設計,以及源自各自著重之民事訴訟目的觀有所差異,而各自發展出不同制度之設計。因此,於觀察、討論證明度議題時,難以輕易得出一絕對是或非之結論,相反的,一國採取何種證明度制度,往往與該國之制度設計及其基本理念相關。故而,進行證明度之相關研究時,宜一併探求該制度下之背景與其設計理念,並予以尊重,而非堅持一截然之對或錯之結論,如此,對於促成不同制度間之對話即有所助益,更利於彼此相互參考、截長補短。
|
257 |
萊維納斯思想中的意識概念 / The Concept of Consciousness in Levinas’ Thought劉澤佳, Liu, Tze Chia Unknown Date (has links)
萊維納斯是二十一世紀最重要的哲學家之一。他早期的哲學著作聚焦在現象學的知識論與方法論的問題上。由於曾師事海德格,所以他也展現了如何將胡賽爾的著作視為一種存有學。但這不意味著他的哲學是一種胡賽爾現象學或海德格存有學。如同海德格一般,他穿梭於現象學中,但以某種方式同時靠近、同時遠離海德格的學說。他堅持必須超克的不只是現象學,還有存有學,而這最徹底的層次便是倫理,或他所稱的 「異於存有」。但這種 「異於」如何可能?而萊維納斯的倫理與胡賽爾的現象學、海德格的存有學之間的關係又為何?意識概念便是其中的關鍵。而這也是這本博士論文的主要任務。
這份探詢分三個部分,第一部分帶出現象學對自然哲學的批判,並處理萊維納斯對胡賽爾的理解與批判,例如意識不再是一個封閉的、不變的實體,而是具有朝向外在世界的可能。這朝向外在的可能,作為ㄧ種超越,來自意識結構本身。 「意識總是某物的意識」說明了意識本身的結構,這結構以能思-所思 (noesis-noema) 這樣的方式呈現。在這種運作方式,解讀為將外在化為內在的過程,所有被納入意識的事物都變成一種以 「現在」為優位的表象(representation)。
第二部分說明何為萊維納斯所謂的 「意識」。而這個論述是從理論態度進入到實踐的態度開始,同時這也是萊維納斯與海德格的關係。在此我們將看到萊維納斯如何抗拒海德格的基礎存有學,並確立 「實顯」作為意識的定位。在定位之後才開始有欲望、營養與家園等將他者化為同一的活動。另在第二部分結尾說明萊維納斯將 「意識」一詞區分為兩的向度,意向性與非意向性,同時這也是存有學與倫理的的區別。
第三部分著重在非意向性,亦即倫理的層次。在這裡說明如何從存有學層次的欲望、營養與家園轉變為責任、鄰近性與替代。非意向性意識所能建構的不是以自我為核心的帝國,而是以他人為優先的整個宇宙。在這之中,問題不在是存有或非存有,而是我的存有是否正當?我們可以發現,非意向性意識的功能不在於對反、摧毀意向性意識的功能,而只是打斷其安於現狀的安全感。正因不斷擾動、不斷質問,意識總是可以活躍的運作,而不只是陷入某個固定的迴圈。這種非意向性意識是強烈的,但它不是一種貪婪,或許可以說它是一種獻身的大愛。 / Emmanuel Levians, internationally renowed as one of the gtreat philosophers in the twentith century. In his early philosophical writings he focused on the epistemological and methodological problems of phenomenology. Having studied with Heidegger, he also showed how Husserl's work can be read as an ontology. But that does not means that his Philosophy is a sort of Husserlian phenomonology or Heideggerian ontology. Like Heidegger, he passed through phenomenology, but in a way simultaneously close and very foreign to that of Heidegger. An insistence on the necessity of overcoming not noly phenomenology but also ontology, and this most radical sphere is ethic, or what Levinas calls "byomd Being". But how can this beyond be possible, and what is the relation between Levinas's ethic with Husserlian phenomenology or heideggerian ontology? The Key point is the concept of consciousness. And this is the central task of this dissertion.
This inquiry is divided into three parts. The first part brings out the phenomenology of natural philosophy and handles Levinas' understanding and criticism of Hussail. For example, consciousness is no longer a closed and unchanged entity, It is possible toward the outside world. This possibility, as a transcendence, comes from the structure of consciousness itself. "Consciousness is always the consciousness of something" illustrates the structure of consciousness itself, which is presented in such a way as noesis-noema. In this mode of operation, interpreted as the process of externalization into an internal process, all things that are incorporated into consciousness become a representation of the present.
The second part explains what Levinas called "consciousness." And this discourse begins with the theoretical attitude into practical attitude, and this is also the relationship between Levinas and Heidegger. Here we will see how Levinas resisted Heidegger's fundamental ontology and established the "hypostasis" as the location of consciousness. Only after the positioning of consciousness, then, it begin the the movement that absorb the other to the Same by desire, nutrition and at home. At the end of the second section, another chapter shows Levinas's division of the word "consciousness" into two dimensions, intentionality and non-intentionality. At the same time, this is the difference between ontology and ethics.
The third part focuses on non-intentionality, that is, ethical level. Here we show how we can shift the desire, nutrition and at home from the ontology leve to responsibility, proximity and substitution. The non-intentional consciousness can construct not the self-centered empire, but the entire universe, which is prioritized by others. Among them, the question is not to be or not to be, but is my existence right to be? We can see that the function of non-intentional awareness lies not in the function of opposing and destroying intentional awareness, but only in disrupting the security of the status quo. It is precisely because of constant disturbance, constant questioning, consciousness can always be active operation, not just fall into a fixed loop. This non-intentional awareness is strong, but it is not a kind of greed, perhaps it can be said that it is a devoted love.
|
258 |
建構社會價值創造模型─以台灣上市公司為例 / Modeling the social value creation: A case of listed companies in Taiwan吳浩銓, Wu, Hao Chuan Unknown Date (has links)
近期關於組織目標的研究指出,傳統以營利為目的的公司,隨著政府與大眾對於社會議題的日益關注而開始履行企業社會責任;另一方面,傳統以解決社會問題為目的的非營利組織,為了處理資金問題而開始從事營利行為。因為營利與非營利組織的分界開始模糊,各種混合型態的組織跟著出現,構成了一個組織目標的光譜。然而,這個概念上的目標光譜並不容易呈現,目前針對社會價值的創造(Social Value Creation,簡稱SVC)在量化上的分析成果亦有限。本研究從產業經濟學的混合寡占理論出發,提出一個「SVC投資市場」以衡量組織對於社會價值的重視程度,並使用觀察到的資料描繪出SVC投資市場中的需求。再透過組織目標函數的設定以及在市場中競爭的結果,推估組織考量社會價值的比重,找出組織在目標光譜中的位置。本研究針對台灣上市公司的企業社會責任報告書資料以及財報資料進行分析後發現,目前台灣上市公司的消費者並不太重視公司的SVC活動。政府若欲提升公司對於SVC的重視程度,可以嘗試藉由改變消費者的購買決策來影響公司的目標決策。
|
259 |
財務限制下公司財務及非財務資源配置之於策略性企業社會責任 / Firms’ Financial and Non-financial Resources Allocation on Strategic Corporate Social Responsibility under Financial Constraints林泰鈺 Unknown Date (has links)
既有文獻指出企業從事社會責任活動能帶來諸多經濟效益,然而企業也必須承擔相關的成本來進行社會責任活動。本研究探討公司在成本考量上,如何配置財務及非財務資源來進行企業社會責任活動。我們進一步討論當企業面對財務限制時,策略性的資源配置如何對企業社會責任之績效產生影響。本研究使用公司層面的企業社會績效和財報資料,資料期間為1991至2015年。藉由迴歸分析並且控制產業及修正群聚效果下,實證結果發現:研發活動對於企業社會責任績效有顯著正向的關聯,而公司的併購支出顯著地負向影響企業之正面及負面企業社會績效,資本支出則對負面企業社會責任績效有顯著的負向關係。就內部流動性資源運用的結果我們發現:現金對企業社會責任之績效表現並無顯著的關聯,此結果隱含公司在資金運用上傾向於配置少部份現金資源以資助企業社會責任活動;然而淨營運資金與企業社會績效呈現顯著負向關聯,意味著公司會使用淨營運資金來資助企業社會責任活動。最後透過對公司個體財務限制的衡量,實證結果顯示當公司面對財務寬鬆時,投入研發活動成本有助於加強研發成本與企業社會績效表現之正向關係,結果更意味著當公司面臨財務寬鬆時,較容易將社會績效納入考量。 / While the existing is fully aware of the diverse economic benefits that are brought about when firms engage in corporate social responsible (CSR), it also warns about the associated costs of all kinds. Using panel data obtained from MSCI ESG and Compustat for 4,160 U.S. public-listed firms from 1991 to 2015, we investigate what impacts the firms’ allocation of financial and non-financial resources would have on the implementation of their CSR, when knowing that CSR can be costly. Our main empirical findings are threefold. First, we find that firms’ R&D intensity is positively related to their corporate social performance (CSP). Capital expenditure is significantly negatively related to CSP concerns; and firms’ involvement in acquisitions is negatively related to both their CSP strengths and concerns. Second, firms’ implementation of CSR activities is found to be seldom cash-intensive, in fact, we document firms’ moderate usage of cash and short-term investments on the implementation of CSR relative to other investments activities. However, the noncash networking capital show significantly negative effects with CSP, revealing that firms use noncash networking capital to implement CSR activities. Third, the positive relationship between R&D intensity and CSP is further enhanced when firms are free without financial constraints, and we argue that firms take more concern on social issue/performance when facing financial slack.
|
260 |
我國司法判決之敘事分析初探—以「目標可贖回遠期契約」(TRF)爭議為例 / An narrative analysis of judicial judgement—Taking the“ Target Redemption Forward ”(TRF)controversy as an example周冠中 Unknown Date (has links)
本研究以「我國司法判決之敘事分析初探―目標可贖回遠期契約(TRF)爭議為例」,聚焦於法庭活動之司法敘事,透過對民事判決書之文本分析,探討原告及被告如何就爭議事件進行對己有利之敘事策略與方式,以及法官如何於判決書中就其認定之法律事實與因果推論撰寫判決。
本研究發現,基於「舉證責任分配原則」及「訴訟書狀撰寫規定」,原告、被告及法官之司法敘事應可區分為「故事」及「論述」二者。其中常見「夾敘夾議」文體,係為認定「法律事實」所作之論述,但常忽略提出具有連貫性且符合邏輯推論之法律事實。
而當法律爭訟發生時,雙方當事人需將自己認定之事實分以「故事」及「論述」讓法官有興趣聽、聽得懂並相信所說為實,如此才能贏得訴訟。因而「敘事」對當事人之攻防與判決書的事實建構益顯重要,司法敘事策略與方式及其意義與價值於焉產生。 / The purpose of this study is to conduct an exploratory analysis on the narratives in Taiwan’s judicial judgments by using examples of dispute cases on Target Redemption Forwards (TRF).
Analyses are conducted on texts of civil judgments in order to understand how plaintiffs and defendants respectively develop their strategies and methodologies of narratives for winning cases, and how judges narrate the legal facts that they affirm as causes and consequences in their verdicts.
It was discovered in the study that, based on the "principles of distribution of the burden of proof" and the "regulations on the drafting of litigation pleadings," judicial narratives made by plaintiffs, defendants and judges can be classified into two parts, namely "story" and "discourse." A frequently used form of writing, "narration interspersed with comments," is normally made for the purpose to affirm "legal facts."
When a legal dispute takes place, the parties concerned are required to provide narratives (stories and discourses) in the court, including interpretation of the facts that they affirm by using relevant evidences. In order to win the case, however, the narrator must ensure that such narratives are interesting, understandable and persuasive to the judges.
"Narratives," therefore, play important roles for constructing the facts by the two parties and for preparing the court verdicts. The strategies and methodologies used for judicial narratives are then of significant meanings and values.
|
Page generated in 0.0301 seconds