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Showing 111 to 118 of 118 (0.019 seconds)| 111 |
Úloha mutace genu LIF a relativní zastoupení NK buněk, NKT a T lymfocytů ve folikulární tekutině a krvi žen s různou anamnézou neplodnosti / The role of LIF gene mutations and the relative distribution of NK cells, NKT and T lymphocytes in follicular fluid and blood of women with different history of infertilityKřížan, Jiří January 2011 (has links)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Natural Sciences Summary of Ph.D. thesis The role of LIF gene mutations and the relative distribution of NK cells, NKT and T lymphocytes in follicular fluid and blood of women with different history of infertility Jiří Křížan Prague 2010 1 | P a g e Doctoral degree programs in biomedicine Charles University in Prague and the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Programme: Biomedicine Chairman of the Subject Board: Doc. RNDr. Vladimír Holáň, Dr.Sc. Place of study: Institute of Microbiology, v.v.i., Academy of the Czech Sciences Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4 phone: +420 296 442 318 Autor: Mgr. Jiří Křížan Supervisor: RNDr. Petr Šíma, CSc. The dissertation can be found at Dean's Office Faculty of Charles University in Prague 2 | P a g e CONTENTS Contents 2 Summary 3 1. Introduction 5 2. Hypotheses and aims 6 3. Material and methods 7 Material: 7 Methods: 8 4. Results 10 5. Discussion 12 6. Conclusion 15 7. References 16 Bibliography of Autor: 18 1. papers in extenso (thesis background) 18 2. papers in extenso (without regard to thesis) 19 3 | P a g e SUMMARY The aim of the dissertation thesis "The role of LIF gene mutations and the relative distribution of NK cells, NKT, and T lymphocytes in follicular fluid and blood of women with different history of infertility"...
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De la filiation face aux nouvelles techniques de procréation au regard de la Convention Internationale des droits de l'enfant / About the filiation face to new Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) with regard to the Convention on the rights of the childGuillat-Demonchy, Danièle 03 February 2016 (has links)
Cette thèse de caractère pluridisciplinaire traite des progrès de la biologie de la reproduction dans le domaine de l’infertilité face à la Convention internationale des droits de l’enfant (CIDE) des Nation-unies. La première partie montre que, en France, il y a conciliation entre l’intérêt supérieur de l’enfant et l’assistance médicale à la procréation, encadrée par le triptyque des lois de bioéthique de 1994. La deuxième partie traite des dérives de ces techniques pratiquées à des fins sociétales et non médicales. Des parents intentionnels désireux d’un « enfant à tout prix », puisque la loi n° 2013-404 du 17 mai 2013 ouvrant le mariage aux couples de même sexe n’a pas « ouvert » le droit à l’accès de ces techniques de reproduction assistée, se rendent au cours d’un « tourisme procréatif » dans un pays où la maternité de substitution ou gestation pour autrui (GPA) est licite et ont un enfant grâce à une mère de substitution, qui assure la gestation de l’embryon, puis du foetus via une fécondation in vitro. Mais lors du retour en France de l’enfant, eu égard aux articles 16-7 et 16-9 du code civil, se pose le problème de la filiation de l’enfant sans compter sur les risques de la maternité de substitution, d’où l’incompatibilité des techniques de reproduction assistée à des fins sociétales avec la Convention internationale des droits de l’enfant, l’adage latin "mater semper certa est" étant la garantie de l’intérêt supérieur de l’enfant. / This thesis has a plurisdisciplinary approach and deals with the improvements of biology of reproduction in the field of infertility regarding the International Convention on the Rights of the Child of the United Nations (ICRCUN). The first part shows, that in France, there is conciliation between the best interests of the child and the medical assistance to procreation, legalised by the triptych of the bioethics law of 1994. The second part deals with the drifts of those practices used for societal ends and not medical. Intended parents willing to have “a child at all costs”, as the law n° 2013-404 of May 17, 2013 allowing the marriage to couples of the same sex has not “allowed” the right to have access to thoses technics of assisted reproduction, do “procreative tourism” and go to a country in which the surrogate maternity or gestational surrogacy (GS) is legal and have a child thanks to surrogate mother who ensures the gestation of the embryo, and the foetus through an in vitro fertilization (IVF). However, back to France, according to articles 16-7 and 16-9 of the Civil Code, the issue of the filiation of the child arises, without counting on the risks of the surrogate maternity, hence the incompatibility of the methods of assisted reproduction to societal purposes with the International on Rights of the child, the Latin proverb "mater semper certa est" being the guarantee of the best interest of the child.
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Christian kinship : relatedness in Christian practice and moral thoughtTorrance, David Alan January 2017 (has links)
Ideas of kinship play a significant role in structuring everyday life, and yet kinship has been neglected in Christian ethics, as well as moral philosophy and bioethics. Attention has been paid in these disciplines to the ethics of ‘family,’ but little regard has been paid to the fact that kinship is not a given, but is culturally contingent. The thesis seeks to remedy the neglect in recent Christian theological ethics by drawing on resources from the history of Christian thought and practice. It uses social anthropology both to unsettle the accounts of kinship used in Christian ethics, and to expose elements in Christian traditions of thought and practice relating to kinship. Notions of shared bodily substance, the house, gender and personhood recur cross-culturally in giving shape to kinship. By examining these four notions as they inform Christian thought and practice, a theological account is developed. Chapters dedicated to each of these four attempt to provide, in the first instance, a descriptive account of how the notion has structured Christian thought and practice in relation to kinship. Each chapter then turns, in the second instance, to a critical mode, offering a theological treatment of the chapter topic as it bears on kinship. The thesis concludes that kinship in Christ should be considered normatively primary for the Christian, but also that there are ways in which Christians have honoured this kinship in Christ by organising and playing out kinship on a smaller scale. In detailing the distinctively Christian organising principles that structure some practices of kinship ‘in miniature,’ another common practice – the special privileging of the blood tie in structuring kinship – is singled out for critique.
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Novel NMR Methods for Fast Data Acquisition : Application to MetabolomicsPudakalakatti, Shivanand January 2014 (has links) (PDF)
Synopsis My research work is focused on: (i) development of novel Fast NMR methods in solution state and their application to metabolomics and small molecules. (ii) NMR based metabolic study of human IVF to assess embryo viability for implantation. The major components of the embryo growth media were identified for evaluating the embryo quality. Described below are the projects carried out towards the dissertation of my PhD. Chapter 1 describes NMR methods which are the foundation stones for new Fast NMR methods developed. Typical 1D and 2D NMR experiments used in metabolomics and statistical methods for analysis are described. A few applications of metabolomics are also covered in the chapter. Chapter 2 describes a new Fast NMR method based on polarization sharing and parallel acquisition using the dual receiver system. The method developed helps in acquiring simultaneously three 2D NMR spectra: 2D [13C-1H] HETCOR, 2D [1H-1H] TOCSY and 2D [13C-1H] HSQC-TOCSY in a single data set. This method achieves a time saving of about two fold. All the experiments are acquired on molecules with natural abundance of 13C. The method was used to assign the side chain atoms (1H and 13C) of two important peptides. i) 12 amino acid residue peptide, which is a part of central linker domain of Human Insulin like Growth Factor Binding Protein-2 known to play a vital role in the IGF system and ii) a 18 amino acid residue peptide which acts as an antimicrobial agent.
Chapter 3 describes extension of the Fast NMR method described in chapter 2. The method is combined with G-matrix Fourier Transform NMR spectroscopy. In this method we have acquire simultaneously two 2D NMR experiments and one reduced dimensional 3D experiment. The three experiments are 2D [13C-1H] HETCOR, 2D [1H-1H] TOCSY and GFT (3,2)D [13C-1H] HSQC-TOCSY, which provide complementary information for rapid assignments. GFT (3,2)D [13C-1H] HSQC-TOCSY gives 3D correlations in a 2D manner facilitating high resolution and unambiguous assignments. The experiments were applied for complete assignment of 21 unlabeled metabolite mixtures corresponding to the Innovative Sequential medium (ISM1) used for culturing human embryos for IVF. Further, a 13C multiplicity edition block is added to the method to simplify the resonances assignment in GFT (3,2)D [13C-1H] HSQC-TOCSY. Taken together, experiments provide time gain of order of magnitudes compared to conventional data acquisition.
Chapter 4 of the thesis describes a metabolomics study of Human in-vitro fertilization to assess viable embryos of implantation potential using NMR as non-invasive tool. NMR study included the analysis of 127 embryo culture media (Innovative Sequential Media-1) and 29 controls (culture media without embryo) of both day-2 and day-3 transferred. The embryos were divided into 3 categories 1) implanted (successful) 2) transferred not-implanted (unsuccessful) 3) not transferred based on morphological studies. All NMR experiments were acquired with CPMG (T2 filter) incorporated in 1D 1H presaturation pulse scheme. The study was based on estimation of lactate, pyruvate and alanine levels in the embryo culture media (ISM1). The study reveals higher uptake of pyruvate and high pyruvate/alanine ratios in case of implanted embryos compared to one which failed to implant. Present study provides pyruvate/alanine ratio as a biomarker to select the
embryos with high implantation potential. The method combined with morphology based assessment or with other biomarkers can be serve as a powerful tool to assess the embryo quality. Chapter 5 describes a novel NMR method for rapid characterization of translation diffusion of molecules in solution either in mixture or pure form. Unlike acquisition of several 2D [13C-1H] HSQC experiments with varying gradients to get diffusion measurement, a single 2D [13C-1H] HSQC is sufficient to measure the diffusion coefficients which is in the linewidths of peaks. The method uses the idea of accordion NMR spectroscopy, wherein gradients are linearly co-incremented with 13C chemical shift evolution period during t1. The methodology speeds up the acquisition by replacing series of 2D [13C-1H] HSQC with single 2D constant time [13C-1H] HSQC. The method was used to monitor the diffusion of metabolites in a time-resolved manner during polymerization of SDS-PAGE gel. Using this method, it was possible to detect the presence of oligomers of diphenylalanine (FF) during its self assembly to form nanotubular structures.
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Empty Cribs: Infertility Challenges for Orthodox Jewish CouplesKohane, Itay 15 April 2020 (has links)
No description available.
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Probabilistic methods for multi-source and temporal biomedical data quality assessmentSáez Silvestre, Carlos 05 April 2016 (has links)
[EN] Nowadays, biomedical research and decision making depend to a great extent on the data stored in information systems. As a consequence, a lack of data quality (DQ) may lead to suboptimal decisions, or hinder the derived research processes and outcomes. This thesis aims to the research and development of methods for assessing two DQ problems of special importance in Big Data and large-scale repositories, based on multi-institutional, cross-border infrastructures, and acquired during long periods of time: the variability of data probability distributions (PDFs) among different data sources-multi-source variability-and the variability of data PDFs over time-temporal variability.
Variability in PDFs may be caused by differences in data acquisition methods, protocols or health care policies; systematic or random errors during data input and management; demographic differences in populations; or even falsified data. To date, these issues have received little attention as DQ problems nor count with adequate assessment methods. The developed methods aim to measure, detect and characterize variability dealing with multi-type, multivariate, multi-modal data, and not affected by large sample sizes. To this end, we defined an Information Theory and Geometry probabilistic framework based on the inference of non-parametric statistical manifolds from the normalized distances of PDFs among data sources and over time. Based on this, a number of contributions have been generated.
For the multi-source variability assessment we have designed two metrics: the Global Probabilistic Deviation, which measures the degree of global variability among the PDFs of multiple sources-equivalent to the standard deviation among PDFs; and the Source Probabilistic Outlyingness, which measures the dissimilarity of the PDF of a single data source to a global latent average. They are based on the construction of a simplex geometrical figure (the maximum-dimensional statistical manifold) using the distances among sources, and complemented by the Multi-Source Variability plot, an exploratory visualization of that simplex which permits detecting grouping patterns among sources.
The temporal variability method provides two main tools: the Information Geometric Temporal plot, an exploratory visualization of the temporal evolution of PDFs based on the projection of the statistical manifold from temporal batches; and the PDF Statistical Process Control, a monitoring and automatic change detection algorithm for PDFs.
The methods have been applied to repositories in real case studies, including the Public Health Mortality and Cancer Registries of the Region of Valencia, Spain; the UCI Heart Disease; the United States NHDS; and Spanish Breast Cancer and an In-Vitro Fertilization datasets. The methods permitted discovering several findings such as partitions of the repositories in probabilistically separated temporal subgroups, punctual temporal anomalies due to anomalous data, and outlying and clustered data sources due to differences in populations or in practices.
A software toolbox including the methods and the automated generation of DQ reports was developed. Finally, we defined the theoretical basis of a biomedical DQ evaluation framework, which have been used in the construction of quality assured infant feeding repositories, in the contextualization of data for their reuse in Clinical Decision Support Systems using an HL7-CDA wrapper; and in an on-line service for the DQ evaluation and rating of biomedical data repositories.
The results of this thesis have been published in eight scientific contributions, including top-ranked journals and conferences. One of the journal publications was selected by the IMIA as one of the best of Health Information Systems in 2013. Additionally, the results have contributed to several research projects, and have leaded the way to the industrialization of the developed methods and approaches for the audit and control of biomedical DQ. / [ES] Actualmente, la investigación biomédica y toma de decisiones dependen en gran medida de los datos almacenados en los sistemas de información. En consecuencia, una falta de calidad de datos (CD) puede dar lugar a decisiones sub-óptimas o dificultar los procesos y resultados de las investigaciones derivadas. Esta tesis tiene como propósito la investigación y desarrollo de métodos para evaluar dos problemas especialmente importantes en repositorios de datos masivos (Big Data), basados en infraestructuras multi-céntricas, adquiridos durante largos periodos de tiempo: la variabilidad de las distribuciones de probabilidad (DPs) de los datos entre diferentes fuentes o sitios-variabilidad multi-fuente-y la variabilidad de las distribuciones de probabilidad de los datos a lo largo del tiempo-variabilidad temporal.
La variabilidad en DPs puede estar causada por diferencias en los métodos de adquisición, protocolos o políticas de atención; errores sistemáticos o aleatorios en la entrada o gestión de datos; diferencias demográficas en poblaciones; o incluso por datos falsificados. Esta tesis aporta métodos para detectar, medir y caracterizar dicha variabilidad, tratando con datos multi-tipo, multivariantes y multi-modales, y sin ser afectados por tamaños muestrales grandes. Para ello, hemos definido un marco de Teoría y Geometría de la Información basado en la inferencia de variedades de Riemann no-paramétricas a partir de distancias normalizadas entre las PDs de varias fuentes de datos o a lo largo del tiempo. En consecuencia, se han aportado las siguientes contribuciones:
Para evaluar la variabilidad multi-fuente se han definido dos métricas: la Global Probabilistic Deviation, la cual mide la variabilidad global entre las PDs de varias fuentes-equivalente a la desviación estándar entre PDs; y la Source Probabilistic Outlyingness, la cual mide la disimilaridad entre la DP de una fuente y un promedio global latente. Éstas se basan en un simplex construido mediante las distancias entre las PDs de las fuentes. En base a éste, se ha definido el Multi-Source Variability plot, visualización que permite detectar patrones de agrupamiento entre fuentes.
El método de variabilidad temporal proporciona dos herramientas: el Information Geometric Temporal plot, visualización exploratoria de la evolución temporal de las PDs basada en la la variedad estadística de los lotes temporales; y el Control de Procesos Estadístico de PDs, algoritmo para la monitorización y detección automática de cambios en PDs.
Los métodos han sido aplicados a casos de estudio reales, incluyendo: los Registros de Salud Pública de Mortalidad y Cáncer de la Comunidad Valenciana; los repositorios de enfermedades del corazón de UCI y NHDS de los Estados Unidos; y repositorios españoles de Cáncer de Mama y Fecundación In-Vitro. Los métodos detectaron hallazgos como particiones de repositorios en subgrupos probabilísticos temporales, anomalías temporales puntuales, y fuentes de datos agrupadas por diferencias en poblaciones y en prácticas.
Se han desarrollado herramientas software incluyendo los métodos y la generación automática de informes. Finalmente, se ha definido la base teórica de un marco de CD biomédicos, el cual ha sido utilizado en la construcción de repositorios de calidad para la alimentación del lactante, en la contextualización de datos para el reuso en Sistemas de Ayuda a la Decisión Médica usando un wrapper HL7-CDA, y en un servicio on-line para la evaluación y clasificación de la CD de repositorios biomédicos.
Los resultados de esta tesis han sido publicados en ocho contribuciones científicas (revistas indexadas y artículos en congresos), una de ellas seleccionada por la IMIA como una de las mejores publicaciones en Sistemas de Información de Salud en 2013. Los resultados han contribuido en varios proyectos de investigación, y facilitado los primeros pasos hacia la industrialización de las tecnologías / [CA] Actualment, la investigació biomèdica i presa de decisions depenen en gran mesura de les dades emmagatzemades en els sistemes d'informació. En conseqüència, una manca en la qualitat de les dades (QD) pot donar lloc a decisions sub-òptimes o dificultar els processos i resultats de les investigacions derivades. Aquesta tesi té com a propòsit la investigació i desenvolupament de mètodes per avaluar dos problemes especialment importants en repositoris de dades massius (Big Data) basats en infraestructures multi-institucionals o transfrontereres, adquirits durant llargs períodes de temps: la variabilitat de les distribucions de probabilitat (DPs) de les dades entre diferents fonts o llocs-variabilitat multi-font-i la variabilitat de les distribucions de probabilitat de les dades al llarg del temps-variabilitat temporal.
La variabilitat en DPs pot estar causada per diferències en els mètodes d'adquisició, protocols o polítiques d'atenció; errors sistemàtics o aleatoris durant l'entrada o gestió de dades; diferències demogràfiques en les poblacions; o fins i tot per dades falsificades. Aquesta tesi aporta mètodes per detectar, mesurar i caracteritzar aquesta variabilitat, tractant amb dades multi-tipus, multivariants i multi-modals, i no sent afectats per mides mostrals grans. Per a això, hem definit un marc de Teoria i Geometria de la Informació basat en la inferència de varietats de Riemann no-paramètriques a partir de distàncies normalitzades entre les DPs de diverses fonts de dades o al llarg del temps. En conseqüència s'han aportat les següents contribucions:
Per avaluar la variabilitat multi-font s'han definit dos mètriques: la Global Probabilistic Deviation, la qual mesura la variabilitat global entre les DPs de les diferents fonts-equivalent a la desviació estàndard entre DPs; i la Source Probabilistic Outlyingness, la qual mesura la dissimilaritat entre la DP d'una font de dades donada i una mitjana global latent. Aquestes estan basades en la construcció d'un simplex mitjançant les distàncies en les DPs entre fonts. Basat en aquest, s'ha definit el Multi-Source Variability plot, una visualització que permet detectar patrons d'agrupament entre fonts.
El mètode de variabilitat temporal proporciona dues eines: l'Information Geometric Temporal plot, visualització exploratòria de l'evolució temporal de les distribucions de dades basada en la varietat estadística dels lots temporals; i el Statistical Process Control de DPs, algoritme per al monitoratge i detecció automàtica de canvis en les DPs de dades.
Els mètodes han estat aplicats en repositoris de casos d'estudi reals, incloent: els Registres de Salut Pública de Mortalitat i Càncer de la Comunitat Valenciana; els repositoris de malalties del cor de UCI i NHDS dels Estats Units; i repositoris espanyols de Càncer de Mama i Fecundació In-Vitro. Els mètodes han detectat troballes com particions dels repositoris en subgrups probabilístics temporals, anomalies temporals puntuals, i fonts de dades anòmales i agrupades a causa de diferències en poblacions i en les pràctiques.
S'han desenvolupat eines programari incloent els mètodes i la generació automàtica d'informes. Finalment, s'ha definit la base teòrica d'un marc de QD biomèdiques, el qual ha estat utilitzat en la construcció de repositoris de qualitat per l'alimentació del lactant, la contextualització de dades per a la reutilització en Sistemes d'Ajuda a la Decisió Mèdica usant un wrapper HL7-CDA, i en un servei on-line per a l'avaluació i classificació de la QD de repositoris biomèdics.
Els resultats d'aquesta tesi han estat publicats en vuit contribucions científiques (revistes indexades i en articles en congressos), una de elles seleccionada per la IMIA com una de les millors publicacions en Sistemes d'Informació de Salut en 2013. Els resultats han contribuït en diversos projectes d'investigació, i han facilitat la industrialització de les tecnologies d / Sáez Silvestre, C. (2016). Probabilistic methods for multi-source and temporal biomedical data quality assessment [Tesis doctoral]. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/62188 / TESIS / Premiado
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Embryo Adoption: Implications of Personhood, Marriage, and ParenthoodMcMillen, Brooke Marie 14 April 2008 (has links)
Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / One’s personal claims regarding personhood will influence his moral belief regarding embryo adoption. In Chapter One, I consider the personhood of the human embryo. If the human embryo is a person, we are morally obligated to permit the practice of embryo adoption as an ethical means to save human persons. However, for those who do not claim that an embryo is a person at conception, embryo adoption is not a necessary practice because we have no moral obligation to protect them. There are still others who claim that personhood is gained at some point during gestation when certain mental capacities develop. I offer my own claim that consciousness and sentience as well as the potential to be self-conscious mark the beginning of personhood.
Embryo adoption raises several questions surrounding the institution of marriage. Due to its untraditional method of procreation, embryo adoption calls into question the role of procreation within marriage. In Chapter Two, I explore the nature of the marriage relationship by offering Lisa Cahill’s definition of marriage which involves both a spiritual and physical dimension, and then I describe the concept of marriage from different perspectives including a social, religious, and a personal perspective. From a personal perspective, I explore the relationship between marriage and friendship. Finally, I describe how the concept of marriage is understood today and explore the advantages to being married as opposed to the advantages of being single.
Embryo adoption changes the way we customarily think about procreation within a family because in embryo adoption, couples are seeking an embryo from another union to be implanted into the woman. This prompts some philosophers to argue that embryo adoption violates the marriage relationship. In Chapter Three, I further consider the impact of embryo adoption on the family as an extension of the marital relationship as well as the impact of embryo adoption on the traditional roles of motherhood and fatherhood. I examine motherhood by looking at how some philosophers define motherhood and when these philosophers claim a woman becomes a mother. After considering these issues regarding motherhood, I examine the same issues surrounding fatherhood.
Peg Brand, PhD., Chair
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Surrogatmodern och den mänskliga värdigheten : En diskursanalys av den statliga utredningen om surrogatmoderskap, ur ett kritiskt postkolonialt feministiskt perspektivZanzi Ferrando, Diana January 2019 (has links)
Uppsatsen undersöker hur ”SOU 2016:11 Olika vägar till föräldraskap” formulerar problemet med surrogatmoderskap, vilka subjektspositioner som kan urskiljas i utredningen och analyserar den ut ett kritiskt postkolonialt feministiskt perspektiv. Utredningen utgår ifrån mänsklig värdighet, autonomi och barnets bästa vilket uppsatsen belyser får konsekvenser för hur problemet med surrogatarrangemang porträtteras olika beroende på om surrogatmodern och barnet är från det globala syd eller det globala nord. Utgångspunkterna är centrala när surrogatmodern och barnet från det globala nord lyfts men får inte samma roll gällande surrogatmodern och det barn hon föder. Vidare undersöks hur subjektspositioner formuleras utifrån emotionell/icke-emotionell, sårbar/icke-sårbar, skyddsvärd/icke-skyddsvärd och blottlägger hur den svenska surrogatmodern och det inrikesfödda barnet konstrueras som emotionella, sårbara och skyddsvärda vilket skiljer sig från hur den utländska surrogatmodern och det utrikesfödda barnet konstrueras. Dessa omges att tystnad vilket får konsekvenser för hur de porträtteras och för vilka åtgärder som föreslås. Uppsatsen bidrar till en utveckling av tidigare forskning med ett tillägg av nyckelordet skyddsvärd för att undersöka konstrueringen av surrogatmödrar. Uppsatsen visar att begreppet är relevant genom att materialet visat på delvis konstuering av emotionell och sårbar men inte skyddsvärd och att detta påverkat resultat och åtgärder. Vidare stärker uppsatsen tidigare forskning som menar att utgångspunkten mänsklig värdighet verkar för en avhumanisering av surrogatmödrar från det globala syd samt att synen på biologi varierar beroende på var ett barn föds. Uppsatsen bygger vidare på tidigare forskning som menar att uttryckt rationalitet och brist på emotion resulterar i en avhumanisering, genom att blottlägga hur det kan räcka med att subjektspositionerna möts av tysthet för att uppnå samma resultat. Detta arbete belyser hur olika subjektspositioner framställs olika i den statliga utredningen och hur koloniala idéer hänger kvar och påverkar underlag till svensk lagstiftning, samt blottlägger vilka konkreta konsekvenser detta kan få för lagförslag och för surrogatmödrar i det globala syd samt de barn de föder.
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