This study is focused on some individuals' experience of the concept of culture in their everyday life. Some questions about culture were asked to some persons living in a small village in the isle of Gotland and some persons in the capital of Sweden, Stockholm, in the autumn in 2007 in a field study. The study showed that peopele tend to shape their own life world in the continuous activity in their near surroundings, in the garden and in reading literature and listening to music. There were some differences in the life world depending on where they lived,  in the country side or in town. Urban life has more offers as to popera and theatres but negatively more violence and stress. A study of literature on the ethnological concept of culture is included. The answers of the individuals also led to different topics such as nostalgia, mind, fear, feelings, body and soul which were enlightened by scientist from the respective fields.

This essay examines and analyzes the debate between David Chalmers and Daniel Dennett about the nature of consciousness and how to proceed to explain its existence. They are two of the biggest names of philosophy of mind today and have been on opposite sides of the debate since the nineties. Chalmers has long advocated a modern dualistic view of consciousness while Dennett's theories move in a more physicalist and functionalist direction. Today, Chalmers calls himself a realist as a clear opposite to Dennett's illusionism. The essay begins with a short summary of the history of modern philosophy of mind and a presentation of Chalmers and Dennett. Then it goes into some of their most noted older theories and arguments and move on to two of the most famous thought experiments of philosophy of mind before going into their most recent theories and work. It concludes with summary of their development and with an analysis of the sustainability and significance of their theories for the development of the debate today together with some personal reflections.

Med utgångspunkt i min konstnärliga praktik behandlar jag begreppet kronotopi; tröskelfenomen, tidrum i relation till kroppar. Tiden tjocknar, laddar rummet och svarar på tidens rörelser. Texten ställer sig frågan hur skillnad kan fördela tid. Jag situerar mig i relation till Laura Marks såkallade haptiskta seende, Jennifer M. Barker om taktilitet samt Deleuze och Merleau-Pontys arbeten om varseblivning, med en förhoppning om att komma närmare en idé om samtidighetens omöjlighet. En samling frågor producerar genomgående språk och texten bär på möjligheten att låta oss befinna oss kvar i vissa tankeobjekt som framskrivs genom tidrummet. Det tankeobjekt som behandlas i texten är föremålet fönster. Fönstret som en tröskel, som en teknik, som ett tillstånd, som en tanke, som en kropp, som ett öga, som en perceptionsgräns, som ett språk, som en dikt, som en bok. Jag önskar sträcka ut våra intima utrymmen genom att försätta oss i ett precist tillstånd, i en förtjockad tid.

I detta arbete studeras hur relationen mellan skolans undervisning kring källkritik och hur elevernas möten med verk med sanningsanspråk ser ut. Detta studerades genom en halvstrukturerad forskningsintervju med både lärare och elever. Lärarna är verksamma gymnasielärare i svenska och eleverna läser sitt tredje år vid gymnasiet. Eleverna intervjuades i fokusgrupper medan lärarna intervjuades en och en. Intervjuerna genomfördes via distans, och varje fokusgrupp och lärare intervjuades en gång. Denna studie är en kvalitativ studie med didaktisk teori som teoretiskt ramverk. Den slutsats som kan dras utifrån undersökningens resultat är att relationen mellan skolans undervisning kring källkritik och hur elevernas möten med verk med sanningsanspråk ser ut är relativt liten. Undervisningen innehåller verk med sanningsanspråk men det är inte en del av arbetet med källkritik. / This thesis examines the relation between the school’s work on source criticism and how students encounter with works with truth claims looks. This was studied through a semi-structured research interview with both teachers and students. The teachers are active high school teachers in Swedish and the students study their third year at the high school. The students were interviewed in focus groups while the teachers were interviewed one by one. The interviews were conducted remotely, and each focus group and teacher were interviewed once. This study is a qualitative study with didactic theory as a theoretical framework. The conclusion that can be drawn from the results of the survey is that the relationship between the school's teaching about source criticism and how students' encounters with works with truth claims looks is relatively small. The teaching contains works with truth claims but is not part of the work with source criticism.

Betweenship, or inbetweenness, is a complex state of mind. Numerous stories about it arecurrently being shared and more are piling up by the minute. Inbetweenness exist in all socialclasses all over the world.What is inbetweenness? Inbetweenness is a state of mind closely connected with theexperiences of children of immigrants, mixed races and transracial adoptees. What createdinbetweenness? Many scholars, like for example Tobias Hübinette, believe thatinbetweenness is a result of globalization. What inbetweeners all have in common is that theyidentify themselves as people of subculture, or people between cultures, because theyrepeatedly travel between different cultures and identities. In our research we found that thecommon aspiration and desire among inbetweeners is that their identities must not beexamined or questioned by other people, especially those who do not understandinbetweenness, and also that inbetweenness is the result of different power structures in thesociety.Patrik Bolling Ferell, co-founder of the Swedish foundation The Inbetweenship(Mellanförskapet), has said that “It’s on the airplane between my two home countries I feelhome at most.” These inbetween individuals already struggle with identity issues. Most ofthem don’t even know what (or where) to call “home”. What is interesting about the noun“home” is that it has multiple meanings, such as a shelter that is a person’s residence, and aplace where domestic affections are centered. The meaning is controversial, which is why thequote by Ferell is so fitting.Descendants of foreigners and inbetweeners all over the world claim that they arecurrently not treated with equality nor the respect that they deserve, which is the main reasonwhy we decided to write this bachelor essay about this subject.This essay focuses on collecting and analyzing research data from a number of individualsfrom different chosen cities who also answered a few questions in an inquiry about theinbetweenness situation in Sweden. To analyze this research data we decided to use thecritical discourse analysis theory by Norman Fairclough to study the bond between powerstructures and inbetweenness in Swedish society. We also question why the Swedish schoolsystem, its principals and teachers insist on not incorporating this subject when there clearlyis enough room for it in the curriculum and syllabus, according to our study. At the end of ourstudy, we give advice on how teachers can educate Swedish upper secondary school students about inbetweenness as a part of religious studies.Inbetweenness research indicated that there are great flaws in religious studies in Sweden.Results showed that there are no, or very few educational lessons about inbetweenness,multicultural, alienation and reconciliation education.This study, researched and written with brand new data about the subject, concludes thatthe majority of our survey participants have never even heard the word inbetweenness or anyof its variants, while the majority have experienced or continue to experience it. Results fromthe survey also show us that the participants also feel that the Swedish school system musttake its responsibility to its students and educate them better about this subject, as manyparticipants would have felt better and safer with their identities knowing that they are notalone in the world, and that what they are feeling is completely normal. Participants in thesurvey also answered that they would probably have gotten better grades if teachers andschoolmates understood what they have been going through.

Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka drivkraften bakom volontärarbete på punkfestival. Frågeställningarna innefattar vad punken som subkultur har för betydelse och hur gemenskap bildas inom volontärarbete. Studiens empiri består av fyra kvalitativa intervjuer med individer som har erfarenhet av volontärarbete på punkfestivaler. Dessa intervjuer har sedan kodats med hjälp av tematisk analys. Analysen tar avstamp i teorier kring ritual, symboler, och kollektivt medvetande. Resultatet visar på att punkens grundläggande värderingar bygger på autencitet, kollektivitet och autonomi. Vidare är dessa värderingar sammanvävda med informanternas upplevelser av volontärarbete på punkfestival. Den icke-kommersiella aspekten av festivalerna är viktig för autenciteten och autonomin inom arbetet. Via musiken förkroppsligas dessa värderingar vilket formar meningsskapandet inom volontärarbetet.

The purpose of this master’s thesis is to examine the relationship between mothers and sons in Mustafa Can’s Tätt intill dagarna: Berättelsen om min mor (Close to the days: The story of my mother) from 2006, Theodor Kallifatides’ Mödrar och söner (Mothers and sons) from 2007 and Ocean Vuong’s On Earth We’re Briefly Gorgeous from 2019. These novels examine themes of migration and motherhood through the perspective of the sons, who all write semi-autobiographically about their mothers.   This thesis uses a broad theoretical framework, with postcolonial theories of hybridity and double consciousness alongside motherhood studies as the primary sources. Works by Frantz Fanon, Homi K. Bhabha, Sara Ahmed, and Marianne Hirsch, are, alongside others, used in purpose of creating a nuanced understanding of the relationships between mother, son and place, as these relations are portrayed in the novels.   The analysis is divided into three chapters, where the novels are represented by one chapter each. The final part of the thesis is a comparative discussion, in which the novels are read alongside each other, in order to draw conclusions on the ways in which these authors represent the relations between mother and place, and how this affects the sons’ feelings of identity. In summary, this thesis shows that the mothers play an important role in their sons’ subject formations, and that the sons’ relationships with their home countries are affected by, or correlated to, their relationships with their mothers. This is done using imagery of nature, portrayals of language barriers, and other descriptions of fragmented identities.

How did the conformist “organization man” of modern welfare society turn into the restless and flexible market-rational individualist of late-modernity? And what role did technology play in this transformation? Drawing from inquiries like these, this doctoral thesis deals with topics such as technology, culture, and the production of social consciousness. The aim of the study is to elucidate the historical emergence of late-modern reason, visible in the socio-material process of automation. The study takes two mundane technical innovations as starting points to investigate dominant social values and rationalities embedded in, and emerging from material transformations in the production process of two late modern, Swedish organizations. Covering a period of roughly fifty years (1960–2013), the analysis relies on the interpretation of a variety of both contemporary and archived sources, including interviews, observations, witness accounts and archived material in the form of staff magazines, newspapers, photographs and official documents. While following a hermeneutical tradition of European ethnology the study is also an attempt to enrich its synchronous cultural analysis of everyday life with theory grounded in historical (dialectical) materialism. Along this line of thought the thesis suggests that many of the qualities, values and everyday experiences attributed to late-modernity, such as “flexibility”, “creativity” and “flat organizations” depend on the reification and embedding of modernist social forms, ideas and relations, such as instrumental rationality, routine labour and bureaucratic taxonomy into the material foundation of daily life.

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Denna essä är en ontologisk och epistemologisk undersökning av bland annat etiska och medvetandefilosofiska implikationer av en konsekvent fysikalistisk hållning. I detta kontrasteras mot en transcendentalistisk hållning, som den av T. M. Scanlon, den skeptiska empirismen av David Hume, reciprokt baserade moraliska system (e.g. J. L. Mackies självreferentiella altruism) samt en medvetandesyn i linje med Galen Strawsons kriterier för en realistisk fysikalism som i min mening löser alla så kallade psykofysiska problem. / This paper contains an ontological and epistemic analysis of the implication of a consistently physicalist view of reality. This in polemic contrast with transcendentalist positions as that of T. M. Scanlon. I follow along the lines of a sceptical empiricism that I ascribe to Hume and from which, I argue, consistently follows guidelines as set by for example J. L. Mackie and Galen Strawson on topics of self-referential altruism and realistic physicalism respectively.