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331	The Christian theology of religions reconsidered : Alan Race's theology of religions, Hans Frei's theological typology and 20th century ecumenical movements on Christian engagement with other faiths Collins, Dane Andrew January 2018 (has links) The contemporary debate concerning the Christian theology of religions has been profoundly shaped by Alan Race’s three-fold typology of exclusivism, inclusivism and pluralism. Although the insufficiency of this typology’s descriptive and critical capacity has become increasingly acknowledged within the field, widespread agreement about its replacement remains elusive. This thesis argues that a replacement can be found in Hans Frei’s five-fold typology of Christian theology, which differentiates between a range of approaches to theology, from theology as philosophical discourse (Type 1) to theology as quarantined, Christian self-description (Type 5). It is suggested that the more basic question posed by Frei’s typology of how Christian theology is understood in relation to philosophy and other external discourses, provides a better means of accounting for the different positions in the Christian theology of religions within 20th century ecumenical movements. It is shown how Frei’s typology emerges from his emphasis on both the limitations and the significance of external discourses for Christian theology, an emphasis which results from his construal of the mystery of Christ’s universal presence as a function of the particular incarnation in Jesus of Nazareth. Chapter one considers the philosophical foundations upon which Race’s typology is constructed, with particular emphasis on Troeltsch’s historicism, Hick’s epistemology of religious experience and WC Smith’s phenomenological hermeneutic, concluding that they determine the typology’s apologetic approach. It is shown how these commitments lead Race’s typology to differentiate between types of Christian theology primarily in relation to the philosophical viability, as Race understands it, of their Christology. Chapter two focuses first on the theology of Hans Frei and his analysis of the relationship between Christology and historicism, epistemology, and hermeneutics. It is suggested that Frei’s focus on the ordering of the relationship between Christian theology and external discourses, while undermining Race’s approach, affirms the possibility of a theologically valuable relationship between Christian theology and external discourses. Moreover, unlike Race, Frei’s emphasis on the significance of external discourses for Christian theology is derived in light of, and not in spite of, a faith in the incarnation and resurrection of Jesus Christ. Chapter three looks at Frei’s fivefold typology as a better means of accounting for the differences Race posits between exclusivists, inclusivists and pluralists. It is argued that in following Frei’s typological logic and the historical, epistemological and hermeneutical considerations characteristic of a Christian theology between types three and four, an approach to the theology of religions emerges which addresses the question of the universality of divine revelation – the central concern of Race’s typology – while also showing the inadequacy of Race’s typology and its prioritisation of philosophy. This will be shown by applying Frei’s typology to 20th century ecumenical movements and the positions on the theological significance of non-Christian religions that have emerged therein. Though Frei did not directly take up the issue of the Christian theology of religions, chapter three will demonstrate how his typology of Christian theology is of particular importance for this discussion. For his typology highlights the central question driving the theology of religions – how the ‘internal’ discourse of Christian self-description in reference to the gospels’ history-like witness to the life, death and resurrection of Jesus Christ relates to the historically contingent, public world outside the church. The conclusion will point toward a constructive proposal for a theology of evangelism and interfaith dialogue in pluralist societies of the 21st century, drawing on the ecumenical discussion viewed in relation to the theological and typological insights of Hans Frei.
332	L'Anti-Salomé, représentations de la féminité bienveillante au temps de la Décadence (1850-1920) / The Anti-Salome, representations of benevolent femininity in the Time of Decadence Daouda, Marie Kawtar 12 December 2015 (has links) À la charnière entre deux siècles, Salomé fait office de lieu commun inévitable de la littérature et des arts. Cependant, aux côtés de la femme fatale, s'affirme la présence discrète mais tout aussi inévitable de la féminité fragile et bienveillante, formée sur le modèle de la princesse de conte et de l'héroïne de roman gothique, mais surtout sur celui de la vierge et martyre du roman édifiant, qu'il soit antiquisant ou contemporain. Parfois discrète jusqu'à l'illisibilité, cet archétype n'est légitimé dans sa fonction bienveillante que par un sacrifice. La signification religieuse du bouc émissaire reste à la fois lisible et efficace dans les structures narratives du roman, mais aussi dans le détail de l'écriture de ces personnages. Les figures mariales, magdaléennes ou féeriques sont soumises à la même épreuve de destruction, par laquelle l'édification qu'elles symbolisent se fait littéralement construction de sens, juxtaposition d'éléments esthétiques disparates mais efficaces par lesquels un personnage en vient à représenter allégoriquement la création artistique elle-même. En reliant le milieu du XIXe siècle aux années 1920 et en mettant les plus connus des héritiers de Baudelaire en perspective avec ceux dont le nom commence à peine à revenir à la postérité, l'enjeu de la recherche est d'établir dans quelle mesure ces représentations de la féminité bienveillante relèvent d'une permanence, d'un monument – au sens de monumentum – où la fin de siècle va non seulement contempler la mort d'une époque révolue, mais concentrer tout ce qui sert, à l'aube du XXe siècle, à théoriser l'art idéaliste. / At the crossroads between two centuries, Salome plays the part of a mandatory commonplace in art and literature. Nevertheless, next to the femme fatale and just as unavoidable, stands a fragile and benevolent form of feminity, molded in the cast of the fairytale princess and theGothic novel heroine, but inspired above all by the Virgin and Martyr of the edifying novel, be it antique or contemporary. As it might be discrete enough to become unreadable, this archetype's benevolence cannot be legitimated without a sacrifice. The religious meaning of the scapegoat remains just as obvious and as efficient in the novels' narrative structure, as well as in the detailsthrough which such characters are built. Marial, magdalenian and farylike characters must undergo the same destruction trial, through which their edifying meaning becomes a litteral building-up up meaning, by juxtaposing dissimilar and yet efficien aesthetic elements which turn the character into an allegory of artistic creation. By linking mid-19th century and the 1920es and by weaving a link between the most famous of Baudelaire's heirs and the ones whose name is just merging out of oblivion, the purpose of this study is to analyse how much these representations of benevolent femininity must be seen as a permanence, as a monument – or as a monumentum – where late-19th century will not only gaze a the death of a declining era, but concentrate all what will be used to theorize idealist artistic movements on the edge of the 20th century. Salomé Bienveillance Oblativité Sacrifice Dévotion Roman antiquisant Conte Décadence Vierge Parque Sirène Chimère Fée Apparition Spectre Ange Naturalisme Gothique Mouvement d'Oxford Idéalisme Symbolisme Préraphaélite Topos Monumentum Orphée Catholicisme Androgyne Salome Benevolence Oblativity Sacrifice Devotion Antique novel Tale Decadence Virgin Parque Mermaid Chimaera Fairy Ghost Angel Naturalism Gothic Idealism Symbolism Monumentum Oxford movement Preraphaelite Topos Orpheus Catholicism Androgyne
333	Člověk ve světle vědy / Human in the light of science Houdek, Tomáš January 2020 (has links) The paper thematizes the concept of science in mid- and late thinking of Friedrich Nietzsche in the context of his understanding of scientific cognition of both: human and its world. The study introduces the problem of science and cognition in general in connection with significant motives of Nietzsche's thinking: morality, the revaluation of all values, thinking and living "beyond good and evil", freedom, human body, the superhuman motive, ascetic ideals, and more. Emphasis is put on the problem of veracity in the context of Nietzsche's attitude to idealism. Keywords Human; Superhuman; Nietzsche; Moral Philosophy; Cognition; Truth; Error; Intelect; Body; The Will to Power; Drive and Instinct; Evolution; Idealism; Nihilism; Amor fati; Beyond Good and Evil; Freedom; Ascetic ideals
334	Beauties and Beasts: The Fairy Tale Illustrations of Arthur Rackham and Victorian Physiognomy Stevens, Linnea Grace 24 May 2022 (has links) No description available. Criminology European History Fine Arts Womens Studies Science History History Evolution and Development British and Irish Literature Art Education Art History Art Criticism Anatomy and Physiology Aesthetics arthur rackham victorian illustration edwardian illustration english illustration british illustration fairy tale fairy tale illustration physiognomy phrenology pathognomy criminology evolution pseudoscience victorian morals victorian women idealism grotesque othering beauty ugliness orientalism preraphaelite aestheticism
335	Les antinaturalismes fin-de-siècle de Barbey à Barrès (1877-1908). Exploration d'un labyrinthe critique, sociologique, philosophique, esthétique et moral / End of the century antinaturalisms from Barbey ito Barres (1877-1908). Exploration of a critical, sociological, philosophical, aesthetic and moral labyrinth Hamon, Pascaline 19 September 2018 (has links) Les antinaturalistes ! Ce terme fait jaillir les figures de critiques du XIXe siècle, dont les noms sont demeurés plus ou moins gravés dans la mémoire et dans l’histoire littéraire : Barbey d’Aurevilly, Léon Bloy, Léon Daudet, mais aussi Pontmartin, Remy de Gourmont ou Jean-Marie Guyau... auteurs fascinants par leur virulence, leur refus de la modernité, leurs positions philosophiques hors-norme ou novatrices... La présente étude tend à montrer la diversité qui peut animer ce groupe, qui se définit par la négative comme « ceux qui s’opposent à la littérature de Zola ». Cette alliance des contraires leur permet de se constituer en force à part entière sur l’échiquier littéraire.Pour appréhender cette tension entre la pluralité des figures et la force d’un groupe dont l’unité se fracasse sur l’affaire Dreyfus, une première partie proposera quelques parcours dans la sociologie et la philosophie de l’époque, qui mettent en évidence un paysage complexe, traversées par d’étranges phénomènes de ruptures et de continuité. Puis, en questionnant la manière dont les antinaturalistes mettent en forme un discours critique. Un chapitre consacré aux rhétoriques antinaturalistes ne fera que renforcer l’idée de multiplicité au sein de ce groupe. Un double-mouvement de construction et de déconstruction de ce concept, conduira à réévaluer quelques griefs adressés à Zola par ses ennemis pour mettre en lumière des phénomènes de ré-emprunts et des positions singulières et paradoxales, qui témoignent de l’importance de l’auteur naturaliste dans le champ littéraire de la fin du XIXe siècle, tant sur le plan littéraire que sur le plan politique. / Antinaturalists! This term brings out the figures of critics of the nineteenth century, whose names have remained more or less engraved in memory and in literary history: Barbey d'Aurevilly, Leon Bloy, Leon Daudet, but also Pontmartin, Remy de Gourmont or Jean-Marie Guyau ... fascinating authors by their virulence, their rejection of modernity, their philosophical positions out of norm or innovative ... The present study tends to show the diversity that can animate this group, which is defined by the negative as "those who oppose Zola's literature". This alliance of opposites allows them to constitute themselves in full force on the literary chessboard.To apprehend this tension between the plurality of figures and the strength of a group whose unity is shattered on the Dreyfus affair, a first part will propose some pathways in the sociology and philosophy of the time, which highlight a complex landscape, traversed by strange phenomena of breaks and continuity. Then, questioning the way in which antinaturalists form a critical discourse. A chapter devoted to antinaturalist rhetoric will only reinforce the idea of multiplicity within this group. A double-movement of construction and deconstruction of this concept, will lead to reevaluate some grievances addressed to Zola by his enemies to highlight phenomena of re-borrowing and singular and paradoxical positions, which testify to the importance of the naturalist author in the literary field of the late nineteenth century, both literary and political. Antinaturalisme Zola Anti-Zola Idéalisme Symbolisme Hamon Champ littéraire Modernité Romanticisme Anarchisme Catholicisme Affaire Dreyfus Fin de siècle Critique Feuillet Gourmont Daudet Maurras Champsaur Bloy Barbey Antinaturalism Zola Anti-Zola Idealism Symbolism Hamon Literary field Modernity Romanticism Anarchism Catholicism Dreyfus Affair End of the century Criticism Feuillet Gourmont Daudet Maurras Champsaur Bloy Barbey
336	The Wounded Healer: Finding Meaning in Suffering Wyner, Garret B. 21 December 2012 (has links) No description available. Behavioral Psychology Clinical Psychology Cognitive Therapy Comparative Comparative Literature Developmental Psychology Divinity Education Educational Psychology Education History Education Philosophy Epistemology Ethics European History Evolution and Dev collective moral crisis meaning in suffering existential trauma Holocaust faith moral power authenticity empathy compassion law of love psychotherapy of hope Husserl realism empiricism idealism transcendence phenomenological integrative
337	O conceito de desenvolvimento segundo Hegel: a progressão da consciência Malinski, Tania Alexandra 21 March 2012 (has links) Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:12:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 4610.pdf: 1206950 bytes, checksum: 82dd8102d5be9ad4b11acf189d64fdb4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-21 / The present thesis defends that Hegel´s dialectic can be understood as a process of development, both from the standpoint of pure reason and from a perspective based on historical and political factors. The dialectic of the concept is a development of the consciousness of being with relation to an object so as to comprehend the universal content of the object. The preservation of what is in opposition in the dialectical synthesis is the nucleus of the idea of development and what gives it a positive, constructive and directional character as philosophical and historical process. From a strictly rational point of view, development is the progression of consciousness. From a historical perspective, development is the progressive manifestation of spirit, or Geist. Both means of development consolidate themselves with the enunciation of the concept, which envelops an internal and subjective determination as well as a normative element. The philosophical law contained in the concept reveals its intrinsic value and its comprehension becomes a constitutive part of being. The determination in terms of rule of law and moral values is the absolute determination towards which is driven the national spirit. / A presente tese defende a leitura da dialética de Hegel como um processo de desenvolvimento, tanto do ponto de vista racional quanto histórico e político. A dialética do conceito seria um desenvolvimento da consciência do sujeito com relação ao objeto de modo a apreender o conteúdo universal do objeto. A preservação do que é contrário na síntese dialética seria o núcleo da idéia de desenvolvimento, conferindo um caráter positivo, construtivo e direcional ao processo filosófico e histórico. Do ponto de vista estritamente racional, o desenvolvimento seria a progressão da consciência. Do ponto de vista histórico, o desenvolvimento seria a progressiva manifestação do espírito, ou Geist. Ambas instâncias de desenvolvimento se consolidam com a formação do conceito, que encerra em si um elemento de critério interno ao sujeito assim como um elemento normativo. A lei filosófica encerrada no conceito revela o valor intrínseco e seu conhecimento passa a ser atividade constitutiva do ser. A lei jurídica ou moral seria a enunciação do valor absoluto ao projeto do espírito nacional. Filosofia Desenvolvimento Consciência Conceitos Dialética Espírito Absoluto Ação Constituição Desigualdade Geist Essência Estrutura Força Humanização Idealismo Identidade Liberdade Movimento Motivo Negativo Objeto Oposição Potência Ser Ser-em-si Ser-para-si Síntese Substância Sujeito Universal Absolute Action Consciousness Constitution Development Inequality Dialectics Spirit Geist Essence Structure Force Humanization Idealism Identity Liberty Movement Motive Negation Object Opposition Potentiality Being Being-in-itself Being-for-itself Synthesis Substance Subject Universal CIENCIAS HUMANAS::FILOSOFIA
338	Mourir à l’hôpital : entre droit privé et droit public : approche pratique, théorique et philosophique. / Die at the hospital : between private law and public law : practical, theoretical and philosophic approach. Tomc, Nicolas Antoine 28 November 2012 (has links) Il est quasiment devenu un lieu commun aujourd’hui de mourir à l’hôpital. Et s’il fallait traiter ce sujet, le plus souvent c’est la perspective médicale qui tenterait d’en percevoir les enjeux. C’est au tournant du milieu du XXème siècle, au lendemain d’un énième génocide, marquant l’esprit de l’humanité certainement pour l’éternité, qu’un nouveau langage bioéthique va se faire le vecteur d’une considération renouvelée de la personne. L’homme devient personne humaine dans les textes internationaux proclamant dès lors d’inédits droits de l’homme. C’est en prenant la bioéthique comme objet de réflexion qu’un certain droit de la santé, largement inspiré par la production de comités d’éthiques, a émergé d’une doctrine privatiste en premier, afin de cerner de premiers droits définissant celui qu’il serait convenu d’appeler alors le mourant. Toutefois, l’établissement public de santé confronté à la technologisation médicale, permettant alors un allongement de la fin de vie, s’est rapidement trouvé être un lieu de conflit entre ceux qui furent considérés comme des usagers de service public, et les commettants médecins de l’Etat. La primauté du droit privé de la personne semblait alors menacée, le droit administratif prenant le pouvoir afin d’indemniser les victimes de l’hôpital. Cependant, à force de réductions systématiques ne regardant la personne mourante que sous un angle génériciste, relevant d’un droit public, celle-ci s’est progressivement retrouvée parfaitement ignorée en son essence première que le droit privé parvenait à percevoir. Les formes les plus récentes de déresponsabilisation attesteraient d’une consécration de l’indemnisation finissant d’objectiviser l’être sous-jacent à la personne mourante, allant jusqu’à justifier l’acte euthanasique. L’approche réitérée de ce difficile objet d’étude trouverait à générer une réflexion que le philosophe du droit engagerait, réintroduisant la personne irréductible se manifestant comme point de départ et d’arrivée, de telle sorte que se pourrait être harmonisée la rencontre inévitable des domaines public et privé, juridique et politique, afin de rendre toute sa vérité onto-axiologique aux droits premiers du sujet mourant. / Today, dying at hospital is the most curently idea agreed in order to protect people. That’s maybe the reason why medical studies took this as an issue more than lawyer studies. It’s around the middle of the twentieth century, after one more genocide, marking the spirit of the humanity certainly for all eternity, that a new bioethical language is going to be made the vector of a consideration renewed by the person. The man becomes a human-person in the international texts, proclaiming from then on of unpublished works human rights. While taking the bioethics as object of reflection a certain health law, widely inspired by the production of committees of ethics, emerged from a privatiste doctrine in the first one, to encircle first rights of the one that it would have been advisable to call then the dying. However, the public institution of health confronted with the medical technologisation, allowing then an extension of the end of life, quickly was to be a place of conflict between those who were then considered as users of public service, and principals doctors of the State. The superiority of the private law of the person seemed then threatened, the administrative law taking the power to indemnify the victims of the hospital. However, by means of systematic reductions looking at the dying person only under an angle génériciste, recovering from a public law, this one gradually found itself perfectly ignored in the first essence which the private law succeeded in perceiving. The most recent forms of deresponsabilisation would give evidence of a consecration of the compensation stopping an objectivisation the underlying being to the dying, going person to justify the euthanasic act. The approach repeated by this difficult object of study would find to generate a reflection which the philosopher of the right(law) would engage, reintroducing the person inflexible as point of departure and arrival, so that could be harmonized the inevitable meeting of the public and private, legal and political domains, to return all its onto-axiological truth to the first rights of the dying subject. Droit privé de la personne Droit public Droit pénal Droits de l’homme Droit de la santé Philosophie du droit Métaphysique Autonomie de la volonté Incapacité Mourant Hôpital Humanisme Idéalisme Réalisme Bioéthique Sujet de droit Malade Mort Euthanasie Responsabilité Obligation Indemnisation Usager de service public Contractualisation Médecin Condition potestative Personne de confiance Accompagnement CCNE Souffrance Soins palliatifs Cadavre Platon Aristote Kant Heidegger Biodroit Private law of the person Public law Criminal law Human rights Health law Philosophy of the right(law) Metaphysics Autonomy of the will The incapacity Dying Hospital Humanism Idealism Realism Bioethics Bioright(biolaw) Subject of right(law) Patient Death Euthanasia Responsibility Bond Compensation User of public service Contractualization Doctor Condition potestative Reliable person Accompaniment CCNE Suffering Care palliatives Corpse Platon Aristote Heidegger Kant 340

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