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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
91

Ett matsystem med biologiska jordbruksmetoder och växthusodling : Kost, jordbruk och energibalans i växthus / A food system with biological farming methods and greenhouse cultivation : Diet, farming and greenhouse energy balance

Norlén, Mikael January 2016 (has links)
The project examines the possibilities to develop a local and sustainable model for food production in Uppsala with focus on diet, farming methods and different types of greenhouse installations. With the simulation software VIP energy 3.1.1 the energy balance and temperature development of greenhouses of different materials were calculated for different operating cases. The results were also compared when the greenhouse was installed stand-alone or integrated to the wall of a small standard or passive house. With a starch based diet and biological farming methods research suggests it is possible to produce food efficiently without compromising the environment or our health. The yearly food needs for a family of four that follows the suggested diet was estimated to 4362 kg and the outdoor land required to produce it was calculated to 4676 m2 through organic yield statistics. The area could however be reduced to 2813 m2 if the only starch staple in production was potatoes. The tender growing season in a greenhouse constructed with a covering of 5 mm glass or 5-16Ar-5 mm was calculated to 85 and 148 days respectively. The energy use required for year round production of mushrooms in the respective greenhouses was calculated to 53 or 16 kWh/m2,year. Half hardy plants required 399 or 173 kWh/m2,year and tender plants 953 or 358 kWh/m2,year. When the greenhouses were connected to the wall of a small house the heating demand could be reduced by up to 22 % depending on the operating case.
92

Varnas känsliga tittare? - Hur olika grader av stötande innehåll på sociala medier uppfattas av individen / Is viewer discretion advised? - How different grades of disturbing content on social media is perceived by the individual

Jonasson, Oskar January 2019 (has links)
Andelen vegetarianer och veganer i världen ökar successivt. En av många anledningar till detta är att man som mottagare påverkas av djurrättsliga publiceringar på sociala medier. Många organisationer som försöker stoppa djurplågeri och förespråka ett veganskt leverne väljer att, genom sin visuella kommunikation, inrama sina publiceringar negativt, vilket kan tas emot som stötande av mottagaren. Denna studies syfte är därför att undersöka hur mottagaren påverkas av stötande innehåll i form av fotografier på sociala medier, med en djurrättsorganisation som avsändare. Organisationen valdes ut i en initial förstudie, tillsammans med sex fotografier uppdelade i tre innehållstyper. Dessa olika innehållstyper låg till grund för en kvantitativ del i form av en enkät som besvarades av 49 informanter, för att få klarhet kring vilken som mottogs bäst - och varför. Därefter följde en kvalitativ del, där en fokusgrupp bestående av sex informanter fick tycka till och diskutera de tre kategorierna av bilder. Studiens resultat visar att de tre innehållstyperna är olika effektiva beroende på mottagaren. Mottagare som ofta utsätter sig för stötande innehåll blir mättade och kan lätt bli emotionellt distanserade. Likaså visar studien att en alltför enformig inramning från organisationens sida kan resultera i att innehållet blir synonymt med dem och att mottagaren kopplar de negativa känslor som väcks av bilderna direkt till organisationen.
93

Förändringen av metabola riskfaktorer efter en veckas livsstilsintervention : En analys av kohorten deltagare vid steps4life hälsoveckor

Sandström, Kristoffer January 2018 (has links)
Förekomsten av högt blodtryck, högt BMI och förhöjda blodfetter är mycket vanlig både på global nivå och i Sverige och bidrar årligen till en stor del av sjukdomsbördan. Dessa metabola riskfaktorer är orsaken till flera allvarliga sjukdomar och förtidig död. Livsstilsförändringar i form av kostomläggning och fysisk aktivitet har visats vara effektiva i att minska dessa riskfaktorer och därmed reducera risken för sjukdom. Syftet med studien var att undersöka förändringar i metabola riskfaktorer hos deltagare i en sju dagar lång livsstilsintervention i form av steps4life hälsoveckor. Data från sammanlagt 136 deltagare från nio hälsoveckor utförda mellan år 2013–2017 analyserades. Antropometriska variabler, blodprov och blodtryck insamlades vid baslinjen, efter sju dagar samt vid uppföljning efter fem månader. Resultaten visade att deltagarna i hälsoveckan efter sju dagar hade signifikant lägre nivåer av total kolesterol, LDL kolesterol och triglycerider, utan att HDL kolesterol påverkades. Störst förändring kunde ses hos dem som vid baslinjen hade nivåer av LDL kolesterol och triglycerider som låg över gällande riktvärden. I studien framkom även att en signifikant minskning både i systoliskt och diastoliskt blodtryck kunde ses hos personer som vid baslinjen hade förhöjda blodtrycksnivåer. Vid uppföljning fem månader efter hälsoveckan sågs signifikant lägre nivåer av total kolesterol och LDL kolesterol än vid baslinjen. Minskning i triglycerider vid uppföljningen sågs för dem som hade förhöjda nivåer vid baslinjen. Inga signifikanta skillnader i vikt eller BMI kunde ses mellan baslinjen och efter fem månader. Trots att inga orsakssamband kan dras så är resultaten i linje med tidigare studier där liknande förändringar har kunnat påvisas under samma tidsperiod. Programmet vid steps4life hälsoveckor kan därför vara ett bra sätt att minska flera metabola riskfaktorer och därmed förebygga sjukdom. Fler och längre studier med större studiegrupper och en starkare studiedesign behövs för att utvärdera kort och långsiktiga effekter av programmet. / The prevalence of high blood pressure, high BMI and elevated blood lipids is very common both at a global level and in Sweden. A large part of the disease burden annually can be attributed to these risk factors. Several serious diseases and premature death is caused by these metabolic risk factors. Lifestyle changes in terms of dietary change and physical activity have been shown to be effective in lowering metabolic these specific risk factors and thus reducing the risk of disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in metabolic risk factors among participants in a seven-day lifestyle intervention in the form of the steps4life health program. Data from a total of 136 participants from nine health programs arranged between 2013-2017 were analyzed. Anthropometric variables, blood samples and blood pressure were collected at baseline after seven days as well as at a follow-up after five months. The results showed that after seven days, participants in the health program had significantly lower levels of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides without affecting HDL cholesterol. The biggest change was seen in those who at baseline had levels of LDL cholesterol and triglycerides that were above current recommendations. The study also found that a significant reduction in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure could be seen in subjects that had elevated blood pressure levels at baseline. At follow-up five months after the health program, significantly lower mean levels of total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol were observed. Reduction in triglycerides at follow-up was observed for those who had elevated levels at baseline. No significant differences in weight or BMI could be seen between baseline and after five months. Although no causational relationships can be concluded, the results are in line with previous studies where a similar change has been demonstrated in the same timeframe. The steps4life health program can therefore be a good way to reduce multiple metabolic risk factors and thus prevent disease. More and longer studies with larger study groups and a stronger study design are needed to evaluate short and long term effects of the program.
94

"ÄTA BÖR MAN, ANNARS DÖR MAN" : En studie om möjligheten till implementering av lakto-ovo-vegetarisk och ekologisk kost i Eskilstuna kommuns förskola

Bergström, Emelie, Bird, Johanna January 2014 (has links)
The purpose of this study was to describe the possibility of implementing a lacto-ovo-vegetarian and organic diet in Eskilstuna municipality’s public preschool. Furthermore the purpose was to identify and describe the most important components involved in the implementation and their influence in the process.  The methods used were a survey based on a literature study. This study includes general information about meat production and consumption and also the use of pesticides in farming. It also brings up the environmental and health effects caused by the previously mentioned areas. The effects caused by meat production and consumption are, among others, greenhouse gas emissions and increased risk of some forms of cancer. The effects of pesticides are not fully stated but present studies indicate that the effects, especially regarding the environment, are negative. The study then narrows and describes the situation and organization in Eskilstuna municipality and finally describes the possible implementation process. The conclusion of the study was that an implementation is possible and a needed step towards a reduction of negative environmental and health impact. Learned habits that are created in an early age can act as a base for present and future challenges. Children will become the consumers of the future. An organic and lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet reduces the amount of antropogenic distributed compounds and greenhouse gases to the environment and can function as an instrument towards the achievement of the Swedish Environmental Objectives. Goals that are set by Eskilstuna municipality can also be favored by an implementation of the suggested diet in the public preschool.
95

Växtbaserad kost och dess association med metabolt syndrom : En strukturerad litteraturöversikt / Plant-based diet and its association with metabolic syndrome : A structured literature overview

Kruse, Lise-Lotte January 2021 (has links)
Introduktion; Metabolt syndrom är ett tillstånd som påverkas av livsstilen och ökar i samtliga befolkningar då stillasittande, felaktiga matvanor och stress ökar över hela världen. Den har även en genetisk komponent och påverkas också starkt av metabolismen och de tre har ett komplext samband. En växtbaserad kost har en potential att förbättra många livsstilssjukdomar och förbättra både människors och den planetära hälsan.      Syfte; med detta arbete är att undersöka växtbaserad kost och dess association med metabolt syndrom. Metod; genom en strukturerad litteraturöversikt granskades tio vetenskapliga artiklar inom området för att skapa en översikt över existerande vetenskap. Efter noggrann granskning av varje artikel togs två relevanta teman upp som sedan presenterades diskuterades. Resultat; de teman som framkom utifrån analysen var ”Växtbaserad kost är associerad med förändringar i vissa metabola riskfaktorer, jämfört med animalisk kost” och ”olika typer av växtbaserade kostmönster påverkar metabola riskfaktorer på olika sätt”. Slutsats; en tydlig association mellan växtbaserad kost och metabolt syndrom visade sig där nio av tio artiklar såg en positiv hälsoeffekt i de metabola riskfaktorerna vid konsumtion av växtbaserad kost, jämfört med animalisk kost. Om den växtbaserade kosten var näringsrik eller ej visade sig vara en nyckelfaktor till hur den påverkade de metabola riskfaktorerna. Det var svårare att urskilja de olika vegetariska kostmönstrens påverkan på metabolt syndrom då tillräcklig information saknades för att dra slutsatser. / Introduction: metabolic syndrome is a condition which is affected by lifestyle and is increasing in all populations because of a growing, global sedentary lifestyles, poor diet, and stress. It also has a genetic component and is strongly affected by metabolism and the tree has a complex connection. A plant-based diet has the potential to improve many lifestyle diseases and the health for people and the planet. Aim of this study is to investigate plantbased diet and its association with metabolic syndrome. Methods: through a structured literature review ten scientific articles were reviewed within the subject area to find an overview of existing science. Through careful examination of each article, two relevant themes were found which were presented and discussed. Results: The themes emerging from the analysis were “a plant-based diet is associated with changes in some metabolic risk factors” and “different types of plant-based diets affect metabolic syndrome in different ways”. Conclusion: a clear association between a plant-based diet and metabolic risk factors showed, where nine out of ten articles showed a positive health effect in the metabolic risk factors when consuming a plant-based diet, compared with a meat-based diet. A key factor to how the plant-based diet affected the metabolic risk factors seem to be whether it was nutritious or not. It was more difficult to distinguish the different vegetarian diet patterns effect on metabolic syndrome because enough information was lacking to draw conclusions.
96

The Effects of Red Meat Consumption Within a Healthy Dietary Pattern on Cardiovascular Risk: the Importance of Gut Microbiota

Yu Wang (13162944) 27 July 2022 (has links)
<p>Accumulating evidence from randomized-controlled, full-feeding trials suggests neutral to beneficial effects of consuming lean and unprocessed red meat within a healthy dietary pattern on cardiovascular health. It is unclear how red meat interacts with the dietary pattern and the host in mediating its health effects. The gut microbiome provides a novel perspective in understanding the diet-host relationship for its abilities to metabolize dietary components including those within red meat and influence cardiovascular health. Prior to starting our study, we identified a lack of evidence in the English literature for the effects of consuming lean red meat, in unprocessed or processed forms, on gut microbiota in the context of a controlled healthy dietary pattern. Our findings presented in this dissertation demonstrate differential effects of consuming unprocessed versus processed red meat on gut microbiota. Consistent with previous research, we observed cardiovascular improvements induced by the healthy dietary pattern independent of lean red meat intakes among young adults with apparently healthy cardiovascular profiles. Importantly, with three intervention periods, we found consistent and reproducible changes in both gut microbiota and cardiovascular risk factors when repeatedly adopting and abandoning a healthy dietary pattern. Collectively, findings in this dissertation highlight the importance of gut microbiota in potentially mediating or responding to diet-induced cardiovascular improvements. Future research should investigate the changes in the function of gut microbiota induced by healthy dietary patterns containing red meat. Studies assessing the unique food matrix of processed versus unprocessed animal- or plant-based protein-rich foods are also warranted. Additionally, dietary strategies should focus on promoting healthy dietary modifications and enhancing dietary adherence for long-term cardiovascular benefits. </p>
97

'Women's sphere' and religious activity in America, 1800-1860 : dynamic negotiation of reality and meaning in a time of cultural distortion

Newby, Alison Michelle January 1992 (has links)
The thesis uses the case study of the experience of middle-class northern white women in America during the period 1800-1860 to explore several issues of wider significance. Firstly, the research focuses upon the dynamic relationships between the culturally-constructed categories of public/formal and private/informal power and participation at both the practical and symbolic levels, suggesting ways in which they intersected on the lives of women. Secondly, consideration is given to the validity of the stereotyped view that 'domestic' women were necessarily disadvantaged and dominated relative to those who aspired to public political and economic roles. Thirdly, the relationship of religious belief to these two areas is discussed, in order to discover its relevance to the way in which women both perceived themselves and were perceived by others. In seeking to explore these issues, the research has analysed the patterns of social and cultural change in the era under question, indicating how those changes influenced the perceptions and experiences of both women and men. Their reactions in terms of discourse and activity are located as strategies of negotiation in redefining both social role and participation for the sexes. The rhetoric of 'separate spheres', which was used by men and women to order their mental and physical surroundings, is reduced to its symbolic constituents in order to illustrate that the distinction between male and female arenas was more perceptual than actual. The motivating forces behind the activities and ideas of women themselves are investigated to determine the role of religion in the construction of both female self-images and wider negotiational strategies. The context of nineteenth-century social dynamics has been revealed by detailed analysis of extensive primary sources originated by both women and men for private as well as public consumption. Feminist tools of analysis which enable the conceptualisation of 'meaningful discourse' as including female contributions have further enhanced the specific focus on how women constructed their own world-views and approaches to reality. 'Traditional' approaches and tools are shown to have seriously skewed and misrepresented the reality and variety of both discourse and female experience in the era. Great efforts have been made to allow women to speak in their own words. This has produced an insight into a richness of female social participation and discourse which would otherwise be obscured. The research indicates that women were indeed actors and negotiators during the period. Those women who advocated as primary the duties of women in the domestic and social arenas were by no means setting narrow limitations on female participation in both society and discourse. The religious impulses and eschatological frameworks derived by women (varied as they were) served to order and renegotiate reality and meaning, whilst they produced female roles and influence of great significance. Women were not passive victims of male oppression. Religion can thus be perceived as a positive force which women were able to approach both for its own sake, and for their own particular ends.
98

Tystnaden: Makten, rösten och talet : En analys av tystnaden som kontrollinstrument i Vegetarianen och brun flicka drömmer / Silence: Power, voice and speech : An analysis of silence as an instrument for control in The Vegetarian and brown girl dreaming

Guldbacke Lund, Linnéa January 2018 (has links)
Silence, voice and power are the main themes in this essay. The purpose is to analyze how the silence is used as an instrument for control, and how it can be used strategically to take power, but also as a resistance against the power. The novel The Vegetarian by Han Kang and the autobiography novel on verse, brown girl dreaming by Jacqueline Woodson are the core of this essay. This essay focuses on how the characters break the silence, and how they use the silence strategically to find their voice in a society that systematically works to keep women, children and men silent.      The silence works in specific ways in all kinds of situations, to explore the complexity of the power dimensions a comparative analysis allows the themes to emerge and enlighten each other’s diversity. With help from Rebecca Solnit in Alla frågors moder, Audre Lorde in Your silence will not protect you and Michel Foucault’s Diskursens ordning, among other voices, the essay aims to search for how the silence can work as a strategy and what it means to speak. The essay shows how the oppressing silence is broken in brown girl dreaming, and how the voice becomes the power, but also how the silence was used in the African-American Civil Rights Movement as an act of resistance. The essays also analyze the female main character in The Vegetarian, who makes a journey from an oppressed woman where the patriarchal men violate her silence and forcing her to speak, to an existence where silence, life and growth thrives.     The silence has its own language and sometimes, it’s louder than words.
99

GRAVIDA KVINNORS INTAG AV KOSTTILLSKOTT : En kvantitativ studie med fokus på järn och probiotika / PREGNANT WOMEN´S INTAKE OF DIETARY SUPPLEMENT : A quantitative study focusing on iron and probiotics

Lange Bålman, Miriam January 2019 (has links)
Sammanfattning  Bakgrund Vitamin- och mineralbrister hos gravida kvinnor kan leda till missfall och allvarliga störningar i barnets utveckling. Moderns tarmflora överförs med stor sannolikhet till barnet under förlossningen och kan därför innebära ett viktigt steg i utvecklingen av barnets tarmflora. En tänkbar lösning för att säkra ett adekvat intag kan vara konsumtion av kosttillskott och probiotika. I dagsläget finns osäkra uppgifter om hur många gravida kvinnor som intar tillskott.  Syfte Att undersöka hur många gravida kvinnor i Västerbottens län som valde att inta kosttillskott, främst järn och probiotika, samt om det fanns en skillnad mellan olika faktorer och intag.  Metod En kvantitativ tvärsnittsstudie där gravida kvinnor (n=1473) från Northpop-studien i Västerbottens län svarade på ett frågeformulär gällande intag av kosttillskott och faktorer som ålder, utbildning, kostregim etc. De statistiska tester som användes var Chi-2-test, oberoende t-test och Mann Whitney U-test. Materialet analyserades i SPSS. Signifikansnivån sattes till p&lt;0,05.  Resultat Majoriteten av deltagarna svarade att de intog kosttillskott. Faktorer som ökade intaget av kosttillskott hos gravida kvinnor var högre ålder (p=0,030) jämfört med lägre ålder, högre utbildningsnivå (p=0,006) jämfört med lägre utbildningsnivå och vegetarisk/vegansk kost (p=0,021) jämfört med blandkost. Femtiofem procent uppgav att de intog järntillskott. De faktorer som ökade intaget av järntillskott hos gravida kvinnor var vegetarisk/vegansk kost (p=0,001) jämfört med blandkost. Probiotika intogs av 2 procent. Ett högre intag av probiotika sågs hos personer boende i stadsområde (p=0,024) jämfört med övriga boenderegioner samt de som åt vegetarisk/vegansk kost (p=0,001) jämfört med blandkost.  Slutsats Majoriteten av deltagarna intog någon typ av kosttillskott, hälften intog järntillskott och en liten andel intog probiotika. Lågutbildade, yngre, de som äter blandkost och bor utanför stadsområde verkar vara i riskgruppen för att inte inta kosttillskott. / Abstract  Background Vitamin and mineral deficiencies in pregnant women can lead to miscarriage and serious disturbances in children’s development. The intestinal flora of the mother is most likely transmitted to the child during childbirth and may lay the foundation for the child's health. One possible solution to ensure an adequate intake may be the consumption of dietary supplements and probiotics. At present, there is insufficient data on supplement consumption among pregnant women.  Objective The purpose of the study was to examine how many pregnant women in Västerbotten County chose to consume dietary supplements, mainly iron and probiotics, and whether there was a difference between different factors and intake.  Method A quantitative cross-sectional study where pregnant women (n=1473) from the Northpop-study in Västerbotten County responded to a questionnaire regarding consumption of dietary supplements and factors such as age, education, diet etc. The material was analyzed in SPSS with Chi-2-test, independent T-Test and Mann-Whitney U-Test. Using significance level &lt;0.05.  Results The majority of participants, 90 percent, responded that they consumed dietary supplements. The factors that increased the intake of dietary supplements in pregnant women were higher age (p=0.030), higher education (p=0.006) and vegetarian/vegan diet (p=0.021). Iron was reported to be consumed by 804 people, 55 percent. The factors that increased the intake of iron supplement in pregnant women were vegetarian/vegan diet (p=0.001). Probiotics were consumed by 25 people, 2 percent. Living in urban areas (p=0.024) and eating vegetarian/vegan diet (p=0.002) increased consumption of probiotics.  Conclusion The majority of participants chose to consume some type of dietary supplement, half of the participants consumed iron supplements and a small part consumed probiotics. It appears that pregnant women who are low educated, younger, eating an omnivorous diet and living outside urban areas are in the risk zone for not consuming dietary supplements. / Northpop

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