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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

審計人員內部控制判斷行為之研究--透視模型之應用

陳兆宏, CHEN, ZHAO-HONG Unknown Date (has links)
本研究旨在探討審計人員對薪資內部控制制度的判斷行為,經由透視模型的應用,以 描述審計人員的判斷政策,同時透過審計人員自我洞察力、判斷穩定性及判斷共識性 的測試,以衡量其判斷的品質。期能經此實證研究,增進對國內審計人員從事審計判 斷能力的了解。 另外,本研究並希望能找出可能影響審計判斷品質的因素,以謀可能的增進判斷品質 之道。因此,本研究同時也測試了職級及事務所規模對判斷品質的影響,以及自我洞 察力和判斷穩定性及判斷共識性間的關係。 本研究為人類資訊處理研究在審計方面的應用,因此在文獻探討中,對美國學界在人 類資訊處理方面的研究加以簡介,並對國內、國外相關的審計判斷實證研究作一彙整 。 本研究的受試者,係以隨機抽樣方式產生,包括大型事務所兩家及中型事務所五家之 各職級審計人員,共計60員。問卷包括四大部份,第一部份為合夥人同意函及研究 簡介,第二部份為個案中虛擬公司的背景資料,第三部份為32個薪資內部,控制個 案及6個用以測試穩定性的重複個案,請求受試者評估其內部控制制度的強弱,最後 並詢問其在判斷過程中對每個衡量因素倚重的程度,第四部份為個人資料。搜集之實 證資料經由電腦軟體程式處理。 本研究的實證資料顯示:國內審計人員的內部控制制度判斷,和美國一系列相關研究 的結果對照,國內審計人員在這方面的能力不遜於美國的審計人員。另外除共識性外 ,未發現職級或事務所規模對審計判斷品質有重大影響。
12

羅爾斯社會整合理論研究 / An Investigation of Rawls`s Theory of Social Unity

王冠生, Wang, Guann-Sheng Unknown Date (has links)
本文羅爾斯社會整合理論研究旨在探索羅爾斯整合理論之穩定性及其 整合性格的問題,全文分為社會聯結(social union)與社會整合(social unity)二個場域討論,在縱剖面上,以穩定性的問題為中心貫穿二個場域; 在橫剖面上,以對的優先性(the priority of theright)為支架吸納所欲 討論的子題. 就穩定性的問題來說,在社會聯結中羅爾斯訴諸於道德人的 自律與完序社會的正義感來確保正義制度的穩定性;在社會整合中羅爾斯 修正以各種整全性學說所形成的交疊共識(overlapping consensus)來保 障穩定性的達成 .最重要的是,筆者認為包含式公共理性(inclusive public reason)為促使交疊共識與穩定性達成的最主要力量.而就整合性 格來說,社會聯結純粹是為了避免成為私有社會(private society)的設 計;至於社會整合,筆者認為是羅爾斯面對當代多元主義事實下所欲完成的 政治哲學任務.而筆者特別要強調,雖然羅爾斯一再否認其學說為目的論式 的主張,然而筆者認為其社會聯結與社會整合的設計是有著公共善(public good)的概念,筆者認為羅爾斯的公共善就是一個正義社會的達成,此不僅 僅是公民們所分享的終極目標,亦是羅爾斯社會藍圖的終極理想.
13

進口防衛措施之研究 -以汽車產業為例 / Import Safeguard Measures - Automobile Industry

柳權峰, Leou, Chung-Fung Unknown Date (has links)
本文探討的動機在於美-日或歐-日有關汽車產品存在已久的貿易摩擦,以及鉅額的貿易赤字等問題,如何有效運用進口救濟措施來達到改善上述問題的嚴重性。一般而言,汽車產業的救濟措施通常採取關稅或配額的形式,唯關稅在歷年GATT談判回合中均朝向逐年減讓的趨勢,所以其重要性在此不予討論,主要則針對汽車的配額措施,或進口數量限制以及認定汽車身分國籍的原產地規則加以論述,以期我國在未來加入GATT之時可提供政府作為汽車產業防禦措施之參考。
14

新動力?新城市?綠色共識下新能源汽車與上海嘉定區產城融合模式的發展 / New Motion? New City? The Development of New Energy Vehicles and the City-Industry Integration Model in Jiading Under Green Consensus

王藝, Wang, Yi Unknown Date (has links)
環境惡化與經濟下行的壓力,讓中國各級政府必須尋求一條有別於過去的集約、創新、綠色的發展道路。在這種背景下,類似新能源汽車等兼具節能環保、產業轉型的一批戰略性新興產業開始興起;而地方在承接與發展這些產業時,則傾向於將產業的發展同地方的城市化相結合,採行「以產業為動力,以新城為依託,以生態為源泉」的產城融合模式。 本文通過實地田野調查對上海市嘉定區發展新能源汽車產業的案例進行研究並認為:地方政府為了應對外部發展環境的變化,選擇「把握發展主動權」引入新能源汽車產業,但其實質為把握地方不變的關鍵性資源,即土地開發權。憑藉新能源汽車所帶來的產業不確定性與「綠色共識」下發展正當性的橋接,地方政府獲得了更大的行為自主性與容錯空間,得以透過產業基地與國際示範區的建立帶動地方整體的空間轉型,進而謀取短期的土地開發利益;但產業發展的長期目標卻在這樣的過程中被推遲乃至消解。經由以上案例,本研究將揭示「產城融合」「城」大於「產」之本質,並深入討論綠色發展成為主流論述之下中國地方發展模式的轉變。 / Under the pressure of environmental deterioration and economic downturn, Chinese government have to seek to find a more intensified, innovative and environmental friendly (green) path to development, which differs from the inherent one. As a result, strategic emerging industries like New Energy Vehicles (NEVs) that bear the target of energy saving, environmental protection and industrial transformation start rising. For local governments who take main responsibility of acting, the way how they implement is to combine the industrial development with local urbanization process, which could be called as City-Industry Integration Model. This paper research the development of New Energy Vehicles in Jiading District, Shanghai Municipality and argues that in order to adapt to the changes of external conditions, local government chooses to “grasp the developmental initiative” to introduce the NEVs industry. However, the essence of the action is to grasp the changeless local key resources, which is the land development rights. Rely on the industrial uncertainty and the bridging of developmental legitimacy under Green Consensus, more autonomy and fault-tolerant space has been obtained by local government. Moreover, local officials could implement spatial transformation through the construction of industrial base and international demonstration area, and then gain short-term land development interests, which is in the cost of long-standing goal of industry booming. Overall, this research would reveal the fact that urbanization occupies a larger proportion than industrial development in the City-Industry Integration Model, and discuss the transformation of local developmental model in China under the new mainstream discourse of sustainable development.
15

族群認同下的社區傳播--以美濃反水庫運動論述為研究脈絡

林福岳 Unknown Date (has links)
社區的特質和傳播的過程,兩者相似程度甚高,本研究將社區視為研究場域,藉此探索傳播的本質和運作方式。其目的之一,是認為傳播和社區的認同有密切的關聯,因而想從中找到關聯的性質;之二則是相信在社區情境中,可以從更多元而深刻的面向發掘並探討傳播的基本意義。 本研究的脈絡「美濃反水庫運動」,是高雄縣美濃鎮的鎮民因為反對政府的美濃水庫興建案,自民國八十一年開始發動的族群社區抗爭運動。本研究採用運動發動者所使用的論述主題,根據「共識動員」的理論架構分析之,再對照美濃此一客家族群社區原本具備對自身的認同,來檢視上述兩者之間的關係:一、美濃既有的族群認同在論述中如何被呈現;二、在訊息傳播的過程中,認同的意識和機制如何影響運動策略。而經由分析得到的結果,以傳播的角度來觀視,呈現了什麼樣的意義?發掘了什麼過去所末見的觀點? 本研究發現,在一個族群社區中,當發生涉及集體利益的公共議題、攸關族群的存續時,社區應對的機制和過程中,因為祖裔連帶、共同經驗和集體記憶所形成的認同感,往往會成為集結協志力量所動員的主要資源。在美濃反水庫運動的案例中,族群的認同,在整個訊息傳布的過程中,成為論述生產的核心基調。 其次,由於客家族群象徵符號的密集運作,運動的意義已經超越維護性命身家財產安全的現實層次,提升為族群傳統和歷史文化保衛的集體形上意義,召喚出心中對所屬族群和社區共同利益的認同,建構起對社會真實新的認知。 在一個社區內,認同的形塑過程其實也就是傳播的運作過程。人們從社區中吸收和攫取文他特質以形成集體共識,就是透過傳播的機制,藉由符號的傳遞與互動而漸次形成。而每一個成員的活動,也經由轉換成各類象徵符號,傳遞和儲存在社區的集體記隱之中,並形成新的認同。 本研究希望藉由本土的實例研究,開始深刻思索社區傳播此一取向在傳播研究中可以強化既有成果的地方,做為未來進一步研究的紮實基礎,從中累積經驗和論述,逐步建立起一個新的研究領域。 關鍵字:社區傳播、社區、美濃鎮、美濃反水庫運動、社區認同、族群認同、共識動員、社會運動、文本分析、客家、意義建構
16

羅爾斯公共理性理念研究 / A Study on Rawls's Idea of Public Reason

王冠生 Unknown Date (has links)
羅爾斯於一九九三年發表《政治自由主義》,試圖為多元社會的整合提供一套哲學基礎。羅爾斯認為價值的差異與分歧是當代社會的重要特徵,多元的宗教觀、哲學觀、道德觀、人生觀是一個既存的事實,然而合理的公民能夠形成「交疊共識」,支持一套政治性正義觀,作為規範社會基本結構的基礎。尤其在面對憲政核心爭議與基本正義問題時,合理的公民能夠擱置具爭議性的整全性學說,遵循公共理性的理念,根據同一套政治性正義觀所提供的政治價值與正義原則來解決爭議、凝聚共識、證成決策。不過,羅爾斯的公共理性論受到許多批評,其至少面臨「公共理性無法證成政治共識」、「公共理性不公平地排除整全性學說」、「公共理性是多種而非一種」、「公共理性將淪為膚淺的大眾理性」四種挑戰,此四種挑戰分別是對於公共理性之「完備性」、「公平性」、「單一性」、「公共性」的質疑。針對這些挑戰,羅爾斯對其理論進行了三項主要修正:第一,以「寬觀點公共理性」與「包含式公共理性」補充「排除式公共理性」。第二,公共理性的內容是由一整套「自由主義政治性正義觀之族系」所給定,「正義即公平」也只是諸多合理的政治性正義觀之一。第三,羅爾斯承認公共理性的侷限,然而在必要時,得以「基於公共理性的投票」做出決策。根據這些修正,筆者認為羅爾斯的公共理性論能夠回應「完備性」、「公平性」、「單一性」三方面的挑戰,但是仍無法完全解決「完備性」的問題。因此在本文中,筆者試圖以「寬觀點公共理性」與「廣泛的反思均衡」證成「羅爾斯式的審議理論」,以突破公共理性的限制。尤其是筆者認為,「羅爾斯式審議理論」具有「公共證成的審議模式」、「尊重民主文化」、「兼顧程序正義與實質正義」、「滿足『真誠要求』」、「強化公民意識」、「重視公共理由」等特質,體現了一種自由主義式的審議式民主理論。因此,當我們思索「多元社會的政治共識如何可能?」時,「羅爾斯式審議理論」是一項較合理的方案。 / This dissertation intends to explore John Rawls’s idea of public reason. Public reason is the core conception of Rawls’s political liberalism. Its subject is the public good concerning questions of fundamental political justice. Rawls argues that, though value diversity is the fact of a modern democratic society, reasonable citizens will follow a political conception of justice endorsed by the overlapping consensus between different kinds of comprehensive doctrines in order to resolve the deep conflicts. Especially, when the problems about constitutional essentials and basic justice occur, reasonable citizens will abide by the idea of public reason to deal with the problems. The idea of public reason is helpful for us to justify political consensus in a pluralistic society. However, some philosophers challenge the idea of public reason. They criticize that the idea of public reason cannot deal with the hard issues such as abortion, euthanasia, and affirmative action. Faced with these criticisms, Rawls revises his theory in three aspects. First, he revises the exclusive view of public reason by the inclusive view of public reason and the wide view of public reason. Secondly, he argues that the content of public reason is given by a family of reasonable political conceptions of justice. Thirdly, he asserts that we can make a political decision by voting in accordance with the idea of public reason if it is necessary. But, these revisions seems cannot completely overcome the shortcoming of the theory of public reason. Therefore, I want to justify Rawlsian deliberative theory based on the wide view of public reason and the wide reflective equilibrium to overcome the shortcoming of the idea of public reason. Owing to Rawlsian deliberative theory can reconcile liberalism and deliberative democracy, strengthen our civic friendship, and urge us to value public reasons more, I think it is a more plausible theory to justify political consensus in a modern pluralistic society.
17

邁向理性的企業組織-以哈伯瑪斯的社會批判理論來透視組織變革管理的挑戰 / Toward a Rational Business Organization - Perspective of Changing Management Applying Jürgen Habermas’Social Critical Theory

陳致曉, Chen, Chih-Hsiao Unknown Date (has links)
成功的企業變革蘊涵著規範、觀念、與文化上的改變,其最終目的是要達成新規範的運作、成員對新組織的再認同、與新組織文化的再建構。一般如常管理主要考慮的是如何創造競爭優勢與提高效能,主要參照的「企業策略科學」與「科學管理學」並無法處理價值與信仰的課題,也未注重資訊與知識的流動與管理。單憑這兩類管理理論,無法因應變革管理的挑戰。本論文分析科特與彼德˙聖吉等管理學者提出的變革失敗原因,並將其歸納予批判社會學者哈伯瑪斯所述「生存環境的意義生產」的失效。作者檢討組織變革過程中的「社會規範」、「成員主觀」、與「客觀環境」等三個面向,認為有效溝通與真正共識為成功企業變革之所必需。 作者認為組織內的活動可以區分為「溝通」與「執行」兩個面向,各別對應到哈伯瑪斯所述的「實踐性理性」與「工具性理性」。本論文批判缺乏「實踐性理性」制衡的「工具性理性」妨礙企業的執行效能與知識生產,並闡述實踐性理性不可或缺的價值。唯有摒除由工具性理性發展的階層權力對溝通過程的干預,有效溝通與真正共識才能達成。作者亦就實行的層面提出在組織內建立「理想言辭情境」的方法。本論文從「實踐性理性」的觀點檢視組織變革,以「變革之輪」來闡明各變革階段應注意的工作。作者結合「生存環境的意義生產」與野中郁次郎的「組織知識創造論」檢視變革過程中,包含認知、價值觀、信仰、規範遵從、組織認同等「意義」的創造過程。如果變革過程中「實踐性理性」能得到彰顯,成功的變革會使成員得到意義生產的正向迴饋。這個「正向意義迴饋系統」將使企業進入一種得以持續對應新競爭局勢的動態平衡。 本文藉由Intel在1985年策略大轉折的實際案例來檢驗本文論述。對「導致組織變革失敗的根本原因為何?」、「如何建構適合因應外在環境的變化,並能成功完成變革的組織?」、「如何成功地完成組織的變革?」等三個組織變革管理的根本問題提出有系統的答案。本論文終結於對自我論述的批判。 / Organizational change is essential for the modern business entities to survive in the dynamic economical environment. However, many companies, which are successful in day-to-day operation, cannot accomplish the organizational change process, and result in fading out in the new competition environment. During organizational change processes, authority swinging and uncertainty about future make rumors prosperous; new rules and tactics have not been proved and are doubted; mutual trust between staffs and organization is shaky; and staffs become difficult to identify themselves with the organization. The above challenges are related to the dynamic management of information sharing, knowledge creating, staffs’ cognition, emotional consideration, mutual trust, and common consensus about new rules and the business entity’s future. The above conditions make changing management to be fundamentally different from the routine operational management. Strategic science and science management principles, which are generally adopted by companies to increase competition advantages and operational efficiency in the routine management, do not take account for the information and knowledge management, and cannot deal with the values and belief issues. Companies cannot just rely on the above two management principles to face challenges of the organizational change. The thesis analyzes the failure factors of changing management, which are disclosed by scholars like John P. Kotter and Peter M. Senge etc. The author correlates them with “meaning reproduction of living situation”, which was introduced by social critical philosopher Jürgen Habermas. Habermas believes efficient communication and true common consensus are essential to revive the meaning reproduction and to coordinate the social operation. The author inspects the “social”, ”subjective”, and “objective” aspects of the “living situation” of companies’ change phases, which were inferred from the eight steps of successful organizational changing addressed by John P. Kotter. The author elucidates that efficient communication and true common consensus are requisite for organization changing management. Habermas based on the two human basic actions, “labor” and “communication”, to categorizes rational into “instrumental rational” and “practical rational”. Instrumental rational aims at environment control and material productivity. Practical rational endeavors mutual understanding and common consensus. Habermas argued that the power developed by instrumental rational should be balanced by the values generated by practical rational; otherwise the power will oppress human society. The thesis criticizes that companies’ hierarchical power obstructs organizational operation, policy execution, information sharing and knowledge creation, as organizational instrumental rational is not tempered by corresponding practical rational. The irreplaceable values of organizational practical rational are further illustrated. To illuminate practical rational, it is necessary to eliminate the intimidation and temptation, which are induced by hierarchical power, from the communication actions. Habermas believes that comprehensive speech, true statement, right position and sincere attitude are the four valid assertions for the communication actions. If only all communicating participants have equal opportunities to partake, declare, interrogate, and explain, authorities and ideologies can be excluded from the communication actions. Habermas defined the above circumstances as the “idea speech situation”. The thesis argues that organizational activities can be categorized into the “execution” and “communication” dimensions, which correspond to the organizational “instrumental rational” and “practical rational”. Communication actions should not be interrupted by the hierarchy power of execution dimension. Rules and tactics should be supported by common consensus and thorough communication. Staffs should apply instrumental rational to execute the rules and tactics without objection. If only the organizational culture and merit system can ensure the above working principles, the business entity can achieve the advantages of both instrumental and practical rational. In additional to the theoretical elaboration, the thesis proposes manners to establish organizational ideal speech situation from “managers’ attitude”, “staffs’ consensus”, and “discussion processes” aspects. The author applies the above ideal speech situation exposition to different organizational changing management phases. The thesis constructs the organizational changing wheel to illustrate the key executive points to successfully drive continuous organizational evolution. Furthermore, the author integrates the above argumentation with the “organizational knowledge creating theory”, which was proposed by Ikujiro Nonaka and Hirotaka Takeuchi. The “meaning reproduction” flow of the organizational changing wheel is constructed by investigating the internalization, externalization, universalization, and integration processes of meanings, which include information, knowledge, interests, intuition, values, belief, cognition, emotion, identification, obedience, and consensus etc. If the communication processes of the organizational change follow practical rational, and the organizational changing is successfully accomplished, staffs will received positive feedback from the intrinsic meanings they generated. The author expounds that the “positive meaning feedback loop” will accelerate the iteration of meaning reproduction cycles. The dynamic stability, supported by the “positive meaning feedback loop”, will ensure the business entity to continuously adjust itself to conquer new competition circumstances. To exam the above theorem, the author adopts Intel’s strategic transition in 1985 as an example. The case is interpreted fro
18

華盛頓共識在巴西的實施 : 從卡多索到盧拉 / The Washington Consensus in Brazil : From Cardoso to Lula

吳健禎, Wu, Chien Chen Unknown Date (has links)
本文係由歷史結構之觀點,透過時空發展的進程探討華盛頓共識進入巴西後於卡多索與盧拉兩任總統任內(1995年至2011年) 政治經濟、財政金融、社會政策的一系列發展與變革。 隨著1970年代兩次石油危機的重擊,過去習以保護主義與進口替代作為玻璃帷幕的拉丁美洲終於破碎。因為凱因斯主義失靈重返舞台的新自由主義,挾著在東亞地區的成功經驗,讓拉美國家也服下「華盛頓共識」這枚靈丹妙藥,儘管有效的降低通貨膨脹、財政樽節、促成私有化、強化出口,惟過猛的力道及未妥善的因應措施終使拉丁美洲這個百年機器難以應荷,隨之帶來混亂與抗爭。這股亂流也衝擊南美的巴西,使該國深陷恐慌。1994年接任財政部長的卡多索企圖透過「黑奧計畫」改善巴西的政府人事、赤字、貨幣、通膨、私有化等問題,並於就任總統後持續強化計畫的執行。惟該計畫仍難完全解決巴西多年來的弱勢經濟,1997年後的區域性金融危機及國內債務問題將巴西推入深淵,儘管情勢好轉,但巴西必須更加依賴新自由主義。 繼任者盧拉歷經三次總統競選失利,選擇與華盛頓共識合作並繼承黑奧計畫,厲行樽節。迥於其他拉美國家,盧拉利用樽節、私有化後的盈餘支援社會福利政策,推行「零饑餓計畫」,有效改善國內的就業率、教育、貧寒等問題,並使巴西經濟快速增長,締造黃金十年,並成為全球的重要經濟體。 新自由主義學者向來排斥社會福利政策,盧拉的經驗則為新自由主義與社會福利相容相合提出可能性,這也是本文最重要的研究結果。卡多索和盧拉並未因為自身的左派色彩而採取反新自由主義政策,反而因勢利導,利用華盛頓共識打造更良善的經濟與社會環境,引領巴西走上繁榮的道路。
19

國族的肚臍:一項關於國族建構的哲學性闡釋

李國維 Unknown Date (has links)
國族是什麼?國族主義又是什麼? 面對許許多多歧異又紛雜的關於國族與國族主義的論述,本論文嘗試另闢蹊徑,從哲學層面來闡釋這一問題。本文區分國族之形成的主觀條件與客觀條件,認為國族不同於國家與民族,不能單純以客觀條件作為依據,而是必須以主觀條件作為依據。本文又進一步區分形式條件與實質條件,認為主觀條件中必須同時包括形式條件與實質條件,也就是說,一群人若要組成一個國族共同體,這些人必須是出於各自之自由意志,決定共同組成一個不同於其他之團體的共同體,而且要尋找並形成某種歸屬核心,當做共同體之根本質素,使之成為維繫共同體之長久存續的道德基礎。 本文以羅爾斯的政治自由主義與民族觀點作為論述根基,由此開展一種新的國族觀點,一種特殊的、只在自由主義式的民主政治體制中存在的政治共同體。並認為,人類理性必然要求人類朝這樣的政治共同體邁進,使每個人的自由都夠有最合理的、最和諧的發展,而不致釀成戰爭衝突。 / What is “nation”? And what is “nationalism”? There are many diverse and conflicting theories about nations and nationalism. We look into these theories and then abandon them because there are too many definitions. We believe that the nation is a special and unique political community and it accrues only in the liberal constitutional democracy of the modern period. There are two kinds of conditions for the construction of a nation: the subjective condition and the objective conditions. The former is an inner characteristic, while the later are external features. Unlike a state or a people, a nation must be founded the subjective condition as much as the objective conditions. In other words, the subjective condition, human beings’ free will, is the essential bedrock for the construction of a nation. In this perspective, we further distinguish the formal condition from the substantive condition. The formal condition has no content; its only function is pure decision-making. If a group of people is willing to associate together and form a community, it’s necessary for them not only to make a decision but also to decide what community they want to be. Furthermore, they have to search for and fashion their own defining core as the underlying element of the community as well as the moral foundation for the continuance of the community. Based on John Rawls’ political liberalism and his views about peoples, this paper evolves a new viewpoint of the nation as a unique political community that exists only in the liberal democracy. We also assume it is required by human reason that mankind should move forward to such a political community, enabling everyone to develop his or her liberty in the most reasonable and harmonious way without leading to wars and conflicts.
20

論全民健康保險法上之公共安全事故代位求償制度

陳介然 Unknown Date (has links)
全民健康保險法自民國83年8月9日公告並自民國84年3月1日施行,此一社會保險制度迄今已成為我國醫療保健系統重要支幹,然而,醫療費用每年約上漲8~10%,致使民國87年3月開始,財務已有入不敷出的情形,因此中央健康保險局(保險人)有一連串開源節流的政策 民國94年2月25日全民健康保險監理委員會第117次會議,委員發言多傾向支持擴大代位求償範圍。此外,全民健保公民共識會議之與會人員,一致認為保險事故如果係可明確歸責於第三人之事由所導致,全民健保之保險人於給付後,應該向第三人代位求償,以符公平正義原則,立法院爰於民國94年5月18日修正全民健康保險法第82條,增訂公共安全事故及重大之交通事故、公害或食品中毒事件為代位求償範圍,修正後條文為:「保險對象因發生保險事故,而對第三人有損害賠償請求權者,本保險之保險人於提供保險給付後,得依下列規定,代位行使損害賠償請求權: 一、汽車交通事故:向強制汽車責任保險保險人請求。 二、公共安全事故:向第三人依法規應強制投保之責任保險保險人請求。 三、其他重大之交通事故、公害或食品中毒事件:第三人已投保責任保險 者,向其保險人請求;未投保者,向第三人請求。 前項第三款所定重大交通事故、公害及食品中毒事件之求償範圍、方式及 程序等事項之辦法,由主管機關定之。」 修法之後,雖然擴大了健保局代位求償範圍,但限制仍多,且此次修法亦未明確釐清健保局在其他領域是否亦有代位求償權 本文首先敘述我國自民國84年正式實施全民健康保險時,尚有盈餘,然而自民國87年起首見保險支出超過保險收入,至民國96年時差額更高達新台幣136億元,除了繼續開發新財源與減少支出外,有無可能利用現有的制度切實實施,消除多數國民有「中央健康保險局將全國人民當成提款機的看法」,以及使實現加害者負其責任之公平正義,故本文針對於全民健康保險法第82條第1項第2款中中央健康保險局對公共安全事故強制投保之責任保險保險人代位權之相關問題加以探討,希望對於日益惡化瀕於破產邊緣之財務有所助益,接者大略簡介我國社會保險制度的演進,包括勞工保險、公務人員保險及其相關保險、退休公務人員保險、公務人員眷屬疾病保險、退休公務人員疾病保險、退休公務人員配偶疾病保險、私立學校教職員保險及其相關保險、農民健康保險與全民健康保險之演進與概況,之後於第三章再藉由歐、美等主要國家保險理論探討保險代位求償權之理論基礎以及人身保險適用代位求償權之理由,復接者討論保險代位求償權之性質、民法上行使代位權之限制、保險法上保險人代位權之性質與全民健康保險保險人之代位求償權;於第四章則討論目前我國中央與地方法規中有哪些場所或行業係屬須強制投保公共意外責任保險以及公共安全事故中全民健康保險保險人代位求償權之構成要件;於第五章則討論全民健康保險保險人可代位求償之金額尚須受到中央健康保險局實際所支出之醫療給付與強制責任保險之保險金額限制;於第六章則討論保險對象對於中央健康保險局代位求償權之保全有協助義務以及節妨礙代位之事由與代位求償權之消滅時效;第七章則是探討中央健康保險局行使代位求償權應注意事項;最後於第八章則是結論與建議。

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